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What changed

Legal changes are ordered by when they take effect. Published data updates are listed separately by when Sovereign recorded them.

Last updated: 11 November 2026

Legal events below state their source and date precision. The observation log tracks changes to published figures, including the tax rates by country. Read the methodology for sourcing details. The Atom feed covers observations. The page shows the last 21 observation days; the full observation log is JSON.

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Year filters use legal effective dates for events and recorded dates for data updates. Category and cohort apply to legal events only.

11 of 11 legal changes and 1018 of 1018 data updates shown

In effect

2025

1 January 2025SpainDividends and interest

Ordinary savings-base upper rate changes in 2025

From 1 January 2025, the state and autonomous savings scales each apply 15% above EUR 300,000. Their combined rate is 30% for this band under the common-territory rules.

Combined ordinary savings-base marginal rate above EUR 300,000: not established → 15% state plus 15% autonomous = 30% above EUR 300,000

Applies in:
National
Cohorts:
Residents
Regime:
Ordinary rules
Effective through:
No end date recorded
Tax years:
2025

Legal status: in force · Confidence: verified

Enacted: 20 December 2024

Published: 21 December 2024

Source: Agencia Tributaria · retrieved 2026-11-10 · supports effective date, after, eligibility · show quote
Tipo de gravamen del ahorro Con efectos desde el 1 de enero de 2025, la disposición final séptima de la Ley 7/2024, modifica la escala que se aplica a la parte de la base liquidable del ahorro para determinar la cuota íntegra estatal. La nueva escala aplicable a la base liquidable del ahorro es la siguiente: Asimismo, también se modifica en los mismos términos señalados la escala aplicable a la base liquidable del ahorro para determinar la cuota íntegra autonómica. Base liquidable del ahorro - Hasta euros Cuota íntegra - Euros Resto base liquidable del ahorro - Hasta euros Tipo aplicable - Porcentaje 0 0 6.000 9,5 6.000,00 570 44.000 10,5 50.000,00 5.190 150.000 11,5 200.000,00 22.440 100.000 13,5 300,000,00 35.940 En adelante 15
Source: Boletín Oficial del Estado · retrieved 2026-11-11 · supports enacted date, published date · show quote
Publicado en: « BOE » núm. 307, de 21 de diciembre de 2024, páginas 175680 a 175810 (131 págs. ) [...] Madrid, 20 de diciembre de 2024.

Reviewed: 2026-11-11

Recorded 2026-11-10

2024

1 January 2024PortugalRental income

Income-tax exemption introduced for specified old housing leases

Category F rental income from qualifying pre-RAU housing contracts becomes exempt for the contract duration. The contract must fall under NRAU Article 35 or 36.

Exemption for specified pre-RAU housing rental income: not established → Category F rental income from qualifying pre-RAU housing contracts becomes exempt for the contract duration. The contract must fall under NRAU Article 35 or 36.

Applies in:
National
Cohorts:
Residents
Regime:
Ordinary rules
Effective through:
No end date recorded
Tax years:
2024

Legal status: in force · Confidence: verified

Enacted: 21 December 2023

Published: 29 December 2023

Source: Diário da República · retrieved 2026-11-11 · supports after, eligibility · show quote
«Artigo 46.º -A Arrendamentos para habitação celebrados antes do Regime do Arrendamento Urbano 1 — Ficam isentos de tributação em IRS, pelo período de duração dos respetivos contratos, os rendimentos prediais tributados no âmbito da categoria F, obtidos no âmbito de contrato de arrendamento para habitação celebrados antes da entrada em vigor do Regime do Arrendamento Urbano (RAU), aprovado pelo Decreto -Lei n.º 321 -B/90, de 15 de outubro, e sujeitos ao regime previsto nos artigos 35.º ou 36.º do Novo Regime do Arrendamento Urbano (NRAU), aprovado pela Lei n.º 6/2006, de 27 de fevereiro. 2 — Ficam isentos de IMI, pelo mesmo período, os imóveis objeto dos contratos referidos no número anterior.
Source: Diário da República · retrieved 2026-11-11 · supports effective date, enacted date · show quote
Artigo 320.º Entrada em vigor A presente lei entra em vigor a 1 de janeiro de 2024. Aprovada em 29 de novembro de 2023. O Presidente da Assembleia da República, Augusto Santos Silva. Promulgada em 21 de dezembro de 2023. Publique-se. O Presidente da República, MARCELO REBELO DE SOUSA. Referendada em 22 de dezembro de 2023. O Primeiro -Ministro, António Luís Santos da Costa.
Source: Diário da República · retrieved 2026-11-11 · supports published date · show quote
I SÉRIE Sexta-feira, 29 de dezembro de 2023 Número 250

Reviewed: 2026-11-11

Recorded 2026-11-11
1 January 2024PortugalPersonal income tax

NHR transition permits specified 2024 entrants

Specified persons who become tax resident by 31 December 2024 can still enter NHR. Late registration starts benefits in the registration year for the remaining period.

Access to the special regime: not established → Specified persons who become tax resident by 31 December 2024 can still enter NHR. Late registration starts benefits in the registration year for the remaining period.

Applies in:
National
Cohorts:
Newcomers
Regime:
nhr
Effective through:
No end date recorded
Tax years:
2024
Entry window:
until 2024-12-31
Application deadline:
Article 236(4) refers to former Article 16(10); Article 236(5) expressly permits late registration with only the remaining benefit period.
Income scope:
Saved NHR treatment.
Conditions:
Residence by 31 December 2024 and one Article 236(3)(c) document; eligible household members are included by (d). Work or secondment commitments: by 31 December 2023. Housing contracts and school enrolment: by 10 October 2023. Residence visas, permits or initiated procedures: by 31 December 2023.
Not established:
entry window start, duration, sunset, excludes

Legal status: in force · Confidence: verified

Enacted: 21 December 2023

Published: 29 December 2023

Source: Diário da República · retrieved 2026-11-11 · supports after, eligibility · show quote
3 — O disposto nos n.os 8 a 12 do artigo 16.º, no artigo 22.º, nos n.os 10 e 12 do artigo 72.º, dos n.os 4 a 8 do artigo 81.º, no n.º 8 do artigo 99.º e na alínea d) do n.º 1 do artigo 101.º do Código do IRS, na redação anterior à introduzida pela presente lei, continua a ser aplicável, até ao termo do prazo previsto no n.º 9 do artigo 16.º do Código do IRS, na redação anterior à introduzida pela presente lei, contado da data em que o sujeito passivo se tornou residente em território português, ao sujeito passivo que: a) À data da entrada em vigor da presente lei, já se encontre inscrito como residente não habitual no registo de contribuintes da AT, enquanto não estiver esgotado o período a que se re- ferem os n.os 9 a 12 do artigo 16.º do Código do IRS; b) A 31 de dezembro de 2023, reúna as condições do artigo 16.º do Código do IRS para qualificação como residente para efeitos fiscais em território português; c) Se torne residente para efeitos fiscais até 31 de dezembro de 2024 e que declare, para efeitos da sua inscrição como residente não habitual, dispor de um dos seguintes elementos: i) Promessa ou contrato de trabalho, promessa ou acordo de destacamento celebrado até 31 de dezembro de 2023, cujo exercício das funções deva ocorrer em território nacional; ii) Contrato de arrendamento ou outro contrato que conceda o uso ou a posse de imóvel em território português celebrado até 10 de outubro de 2023; iii) Contrato de reserva ou contrato -promessa de aquisição de direito real sobre imóvel em território português celebrado até 10 de outubro de 2023; iv) Matrícula ou inscrição para os dependentes, em estabelecimento de ensino domiciliado em território português, completada até 10 de outubro de 2023; v) Visto de residência ou autorização de residência válidos até 31 de dezembro de 2023; vi) Procedimento, iniciado até 31 de dezembro de 2023, de concessão de visto de residência ou de autorização de residência, junto das entidades competentes, de acordo com a legislação em vigor aplicável em matéria de imigração, designadamente através do pedido de agendamento ou efetivo agendamento para submissão do pedido de concessão do visto de residência ou autorização de residência ou, ainda, através da submissão do pedido para a concessão do visto de residência ou autorização de residência; d) Seja membro do agregado familiar dos sujeitos passivos referidos nas alíneas anteriores. N.º 250 29 de dezembro de 2023 Pág. 98 Diário da República, 1.ª série 4 — Para efeito do disposto nas alíneas c) e d) do número anterior, o sujeito passivo deve solicitar a inscrição como residente não habitual, por via eletrónica, no Portal das Finanças, pos- teriormente ao ato da inscrição como residente em território português, nos termos do previsto n.º 10 do artigo 16.º do Código do IRS, na redação anterior à introduzida pela presente lei, por referência ao ano em que se tornou residente nesse território. 5 — Nos casos em que a inscrição seja efetuada fora do prazo referido no n.º 4, a tributação nos termos salvaguardados no presente artigo produz efeitos a partir do ano em que a inscrição seja efetuada, pelo prazo remanescente, até ao termo do período previsto no n.º 9 do artigo 16.º do Código do IRS, na redação anterior à introduzida pela presente lei, contado desde o ano em que se tornou residente nesse território.
Source: Diário da República · retrieved 2026-11-11 · supports effective date, enacted date · show quote
Artigo 320.º Entrada em vigor A presente lei entra em vigor a 1 de janeiro de 2024. Aprovada em 29 de novembro de 2023. O Presidente da Assembleia da República, Augusto Santos Silva. Promulgada em 21 de dezembro de 2023. Publique-se. O Presidente da República, MARCELO REBELO DE SOUSA. Referendada em 22 de dezembro de 2023. O Primeiro -Ministro, António Luís Santos da Costa.
Source: Diário da República · retrieved 2026-11-11 · supports published date · show quote
I SÉRIE Sexta-feira, 29 de dezembro de 2023 Número 250

Reviewed: 2026-11-11

Recorded 2026-11-11
1 January 2024PortugalPersonal income tax

Existing NHR cohorts retain the remaining benefit period

Registered NHR beneficiaries and persons meeting residence conditions by 31 December 2023 retain the saved rules for the remaining statutory period.

Access to the special regime: not established → Registered NHR beneficiaries and persons meeting residence conditions by 31 December 2023 retain the saved rules for the remaining statutory period.

Applies in:
National
Cohorts:
Existing beneficiaries
Regime:
nhr
Effective through:
No end date recorded
Tax years:
2024
Income scope:
Saved NHR treatment, subject to the individual remaining period.
Conditions:
Article 236(3)(a): already registered at entry into force with benefit period remaining; (b): residence conditions met by 31 December 2023; (d): their household members.
Not established:
entry window, application deadline, duration, sunset, excludes

Legal status: in force · Confidence: verified

Enacted: 21 December 2023

Published: 29 December 2023

Source: Diário da República · retrieved 2026-11-11 · supports after, eligibility · show quote
3 — O disposto nos n.os 8 a 12 do artigo 16.º, no artigo 22.º, nos n.os 10 e 12 do artigo 72.º, dos n.os 4 a 8 do artigo 81.º, no n.º 8 do artigo 99.º e na alínea d) do n.º 1 do artigo 101.º do Código do IRS, na redação anterior à introduzida pela presente lei, continua a ser aplicável, até ao termo do prazo previsto no n.º 9 do artigo 16.º do Código do IRS, na redação anterior à introduzida pela presente lei, contado da data em que o sujeito passivo se tornou residente em território português, ao sujeito passivo que: a) À data da entrada em vigor da presente lei, já se encontre inscrito como residente não habitual no registo de contribuintes da AT, enquanto não estiver esgotado o período a que se re- ferem os n.os 9 a 12 do artigo 16.º do Código do IRS; b) A 31 de dezembro de 2023, reúna as condições do artigo 16.º do Código do IRS para qualificação como residente para efeitos fiscais em território português; c) Se torne residente para efeitos fiscais até 31 de dezembro de 2024 e que declare, para efeitos da sua inscrição como residente não habitual, dispor de um dos seguintes elementos: i) Promessa ou contrato de trabalho, promessa ou acordo de destacamento celebrado até 31 de dezembro de 2023, cujo exercício das funções deva ocorrer em território nacional; ii) Contrato de arrendamento ou outro contrato que conceda o uso ou a posse de imóvel em território português celebrado até 10 de outubro de 2023; iii) Contrato de reserva ou contrato -promessa de aquisição de direito real sobre imóvel em território português celebrado até 10 de outubro de 2023; iv) Matrícula ou inscrição para os dependentes, em estabelecimento de ensino domiciliado em território português, completada até 10 de outubro de 2023; v) Visto de residência ou autorização de residência válidos até 31 de dezembro de 2023; vi) Procedimento, iniciado até 31 de dezembro de 2023, de concessão de visto de residência ou de autorização de residência, junto das entidades competentes, de acordo com a legislação em vigor aplicável em matéria de imigração, designadamente através do pedido de agendamento ou efetivo agendamento para submissão do pedido de concessão do visto de residência ou autorização de residência ou, ainda, através da submissão do pedido para a concessão do visto de residência ou autorização de residência; d) Seja membro do agregado familiar dos sujeitos passivos referidos nas alíneas anteriores. N.º 250 29 de dezembro de 2023 Pág. 98 Diário da República, 1.ª série 4 — Para efeito do disposto nas alíneas c) e d) do número anterior, o sujeito passivo deve solicitar a inscrição como residente não habitual, por via eletrónica, no Portal das Finanças, pos- teriormente ao ato da inscrição como residente em território português, nos termos do previsto n.º 10 do artigo 16.º do Código do IRS, na redação anterior à introduzida pela presente lei, por referência ao ano em que se tornou residente nesse território. 5 — Nos casos em que a inscrição seja efetuada fora do prazo referido no n.º 4, a tributação nos termos salvaguardados no presente artigo produz efeitos a partir do ano em que a inscrição seja efetuada, pelo prazo remanescente, até ao termo do período previsto no n.º 9 do artigo 16.º do Código do IRS, na redação anterior à introduzida pela presente lei, contado desde o ano em que se tornou residente nesse território.
Source: Diário da República · retrieved 2026-11-11 · supports effective date, enacted date · show quote
Artigo 320.º Entrada em vigor A presente lei entra em vigor a 1 de janeiro de 2024. Aprovada em 29 de novembro de 2023. O Presidente da Assembleia da República, Augusto Santos Silva. Promulgada em 21 de dezembro de 2023. Publique-se. O Presidente da República, MARCELO REBELO DE SOUSA. Referendada em 22 de dezembro de 2023. O Primeiro -Ministro, António Luís Santos da Costa.
Source: Diário da República · retrieved 2026-11-11 · supports published date · show quote
I SÉRIE Sexta-feira, 29 de dezembro de 2023 Número 250

Reviewed: 2026-11-11

Recorded 2026-11-11
1 January 2024PortugalPersonal income tax

IFICI introduced for qualifying activities

IFICI permits a 20% rate on eligible category A and B income for ten consecutive years. Prior NHR beneficiaries and persons who elected Article 12-A cannot use it.

IFICI rate on eligible category A and B income: New Article 58-A regime. → 20% on net income from eligible activities

Applies in:
National
Cohorts:
Newcomers
Regime:
ifici
Effective through:
No end date recorded
Tax years:
2024
Entry window:
from 2024-01-01
Duration:
10 years
Income scope:
Net category A and B income from eligible activities.
Conditions:
New tax residence after five years without Portuguese residence; eligible activity under Article 58-A(1)(a)-(g); annual residence and eligible income required. Covers specified higher-education/research, investment, qualified professional, recognised economic, R&D, certified startup and regional activities.
Excludes:
Current or former NHR beneficiaries; Article 12-A electors; income from jobs covered by CFI Article 22(2)(c). One use per taxpayer.
Not established:
entry window end, application deadline, sunset

Legal status: in force · Confidence: qualified — Original statutory introduction only. Ten consecutive years run from the year of registration as a Portuguese resident, not ten years from IFICI approval. Later registration rules under Portaria 352/2024/1, amended by Portaria 52-A/2025/1, must also be met. Late IFICI registration gives only the remaining statutory period. application_deadline=null means this event does not establish the procedural deadline.

Enacted: 21 December 2023

Published: 29 December 2023

Source: Diário da República · retrieved 2026-11-11 · supports after, eligibility · show quote
Artigo 58.º -A Incentivo fiscal à investigação científica e inovação 1 — Beneficiam do regime de incentivo fiscal à investigação científica e inovação os sujei- tos passivos que, tornando -se fiscalmente residentes nos termos dos n.os 1 e 2 do artigo 16.º do Código do IRS, não tenham sido residentes em território português em qualquer dos cinco anos anteriores e que exerçam atividades que se enquadrem em: a) Docência no ensino superior e investigação científica, incluindo emprego científico em entidades, estruturas e redes dedicadas à produção, difusão e transmissão de conhecimento, integradas no sistema nacional de ciência e tecnologia, bem como postos de trabalho e membros de órgãos sociais em entidades reconhecidas como centros de tecnologia e inovação, no âmbito do Decreto -Lei n.º 126 -B/2021, de 31 de dezembro; b) Postos de trabalho qualificados e membros de órgãos sociais no âmbito dos benefícios contratuais ao investimento produtivo, nos termos do capítulo II do Código Fiscal do Investimento; N.º 250 29 de dezembro de 2023 Pág. 134 Diário da República, 1.ª série c) Profissões altamente qualificadas, definidas em portaria dos membros do Governo respon- sáveis pelas áreas das finanças e da economia, desenvolvidas em: i) Empresas com aplicações relevantes, no exercício do início de funções ou nos cinco exercí- cios anteriores, que beneficiem ou tenham beneficiado do regime fiscal de apoio ao investimento, nos termos do capítulo III do Código Fiscal do Investimento; ou, ii) Empresas industriais e de serviços, cuja atividade principal corresponda a código CAE defi- nido em portaria dos membros do Governo responsáveis pelas áreas das finanças e da economia e que exportem pelo menos 50 % do seu volume de negócios, no exercício do início de funções ou em qualquer dos dois exercícios anteriores; d) Outros postos de trabalho qualificados e membros de órgãos sociais, em entidades que exerçam atividades económicas reconhecidas pela AICEP, E. P. E., ou pelo IAPMEI, I. P., como relevantes para a economia nacional, designadamente de atração de investimento produtivo e de redução das assimetrias regionais; e) Investigação e desenvolvimento de pessoal cujos custos sejam elegíveis para efeitos do sistema de incentivos fiscais em investigação e desenvolvimento empresarial, nos termos da alínea b) do n.º 1 do artigo 37.º do Código Fiscal do Investimento; f) Postos de trabalho e membros de órgãos sociais em entidades certificadas como startups, nos termos da Lei n.º 21/2023, de 25 de maio; ou g) Postos de trabalho ou outras atividades desenvolvidas por residentes fiscais nas Regiões Autónomas dos Açores e da Madeira, nos termos a definir por decreto legislativo regional. 2 — O sujeito passivo que cumpra os requisitos previstos no número anterior pode ser tribu- tado, em sede de IRS, à taxa especial de 20 % sobre os rendimentos líquidos das categorias A e B auferidos no âmbito das atividades referidas, durante um prazo de 10 anos consecutivos a partir do ano da sua inscrição como residente em território português, sem prejuízo da opção pelo englobamento. 3 — O direito a ser tributado nos termos do presente artigo, em cada ano do período referido no número anterior, depende de o sujeito passivo ser considerado fiscalmente residente em território português, em qualquer momento desse ano e de continuar a auferir, em cada ano, rendimentos enquadrados no exercício de uma das atividades elencadas no n.º 1. 4 — Para efeitos do disposto no número anterior, considera -se que o sujeito passivo continua a auferir rendimentos enquadrados numa das atividades elencadas no n.º 1, sempre que o início do exercício da nova atividade ocorra no prazo máximo de seis meses após o término da atividade anteriormente exercida. 5 — O sujeito passivo que não tenha gozado do direito a ser tributado nos termos do pre- sente artigo em um ou mais anos do período referido no n.º 2 pode retomar o gozo do mesmo em qualquer dos anos remanescentes daquele período, a partir do ano, inclusive, em que volte a ser considerado residente para efeitos fiscais em território português e volte a auferir rendimentos enquadrados no exercício de uma das atividades elencadas no n.º 1. 6 — A inscrição dos beneficiários junto da FCT, I. P., quanto à alínea a), da AICEP, E. P. E., quanto à alínea b), da AT, quanto à alínea c), do IAPMEI, I. P., ou da AICEP, E. P. E., quanto à alínea d), da Agência Nacional de Inovação, S. A., da Startup Portugal e das Regiões Autónomas dos Açores e da Madeira, respetivamente, quanto às alíneas e), f) e g) do n.º 1, e a comunica- ção dos respetivos dados pelas demais entidades à AT, é regulada por portaria dos membros do Governo responsáveis pelas áreas das finanças, da economia e da ciência e do ensino superior. 7 — Nos casos em que a inscrição seja efetuada fora do prazo definido na portaria prevista no número anterior, a tributação nos termos previstos no n.º 2 produz efeitos a partir do ano em que a inscrição seja efetuada e vigora pelo remanescente período legal previsto. 8 — Até à aprovação da portaria prevista na alínea c) do n.º 1, consideram -se como profissões altamente qualificadas aquelas que correspondam às atividades previstas na Portaria n.º 12/2010, de 7 de janeiro, e consideram -se como empresas industriais e de serviços aquelas cujo código CAE principal corresponda a um dos definidos na Portaria n.º 282/2014, de 30 de dezembro. N.º 250 29 de dezembro de 2023 Pág. 135 Diário da República, 1.ª série 9 — Até à aprovação da portaria prevista no n.º 6, a inscrição dos beneficiários indicados na alínea c) do n.º 1 é efetuada junto da AT, nos termos dos n.os 4 e 5 do artigo 236.º da Lei do Orçamento do Estado para 2024. 10 — Não podem beneficiar do disposto no presente artigo os sujeitos passivos que: a) Beneficiem ou tenham beneficiado do regime do residente não habitual; b) Tenham optado pela tributação nos termos do artigo 12.º -A do Código do IRS. 11 — O presente regime não é aplicável aos rendimentos auferidos relativamente a postos de trabalho abrangidos pela alínea c) do n.º 2 do artigo 22.º do Código Fiscal do Investimento. 12 — O regime previsto no presente artigo só pode ser utilizado uma vez pelo mesmo sujeito passivo.»
Source: Diário da República · retrieved 2026-11-11 · supports effective date, enacted date · show quote
Artigo 320.º Entrada em vigor A presente lei entra em vigor a 1 de janeiro de 2024. Aprovada em 29 de novembro de 2023. O Presidente da Assembleia da República, Augusto Santos Silva. Promulgada em 21 de dezembro de 2023. Publique-se. O Presidente da República, MARCELO REBELO DE SOUSA. Referendada em 22 de dezembro de 2023. O Primeiro -Ministro, António Luís Santos da Costa.
Source: Diário da República · retrieved 2026-11-11 · supports published date · show quote
I SÉRIE Sexta-feira, 29 de dezembro de 2023 Número 250

Reviewed: 2026-11-11

Recorded 2026-11-10

2023

1 January 2023SpainPersonal income tax

Startup Law expands inbound special-regime access

From tax year 2023, the prior non-residence period falls from ten tax periods to five. The law adds qualifying remote employees, entrepreneurs and highly qualified professionals, changes director access, and permits eligible family members.

Prior non-residence requirement in tax periods: Ten prior tax periods under the 2015 Article 93 text. → Five prior tax periods

Applies in:
National
Cohorts:
Newcomers
Regime:
beckham
Effective through:
No end date recorded
Tax years:
2023
Duration:
6 years
Income scope:
Article 93 special regime only; employment and qualifying entrepreneurial income treated as Spanish-source.
Conditions:
Move in the first regime year or preceding year due to qualifying employment (including remote employment), directorship, entrepreneurial activity under Law 14/2013 Article 70, or highly qualified services to startups / specified training, research, development or innovation activities with the statutory remuneration test. Family: spouse, children under 25 or disabled at any age, or their other parent without marriage; residence, timing and aggregate-base tests apply.
Excludes:
Professional athletes; disallowed holdings in patrimonial entities; Spanish PE income except the permitted entrepreneur/professional routes.
Not established:
entry window, application deadline, sunset

Legal status: in force · Confidence: verified

Enacted: 21 December 2022

Published: 22 December 2022

Source: Boletín Oficial del Estado · retrieved 2026-11-10 · supports after, eligibility · show quote
Cinco. El artículo 93 queda redactado de la siguiente forma: «Artículo 93. Régimen fiscal especial aplicable a los trabajadores, profesionales, emprendedores e inversores desplazados a territorio español. 1. Las personas físicas que adquieran su residencia fiscal en España como consecuencia de su desplazamiento a territorio español podrán optar por tributar por el Impuesto sobre la Renta de no Residentes, con las reglas especiales previstas en el apartado 2 de este artículo, manteniendo la condición de contribuyentes por el Impuesto sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas, durante el período impositivo en que se efectúe el cambio de residencia y durante los cinco períodos impositivos siguientes, cuando, en los términos que se establezcan reglamentariamente, se cumplan las siguientes condiciones: a) Que no hayan sido residentes en España durante los cinco períodos impositivos anteriores a aquél en el que se produzca su desplazamiento a territorio español. b) Que el desplazamiento a territorio español se produzca, ya sea en el primer año de aplicación del régimen o en el año anterior, como consecuencia de alguna de las siguientes circunstancias: 1.º Como consecuencia de un contrato de trabajo, con excepción de la relación laboral especial de los deportistas profesionales regulada por el Real Decreto 1006/1985, de 26 de junio, por el que se regula la relación laboral especial de los deportistas profesionales. Se entenderá cumplida esta condición cuando se inicie una relación laboral, ordinaria o especial distinta de la anteriormente indicada, o estatutaria con un empleador en España. Igualmente, se entenderá cumplida esta condición cuando el desplazamiento sea ordenado por el empleador y exista una carta de desplazamiento de este o cuando, sin ser ordenado por el empleador, la actividad laboral se preste a distancia, mediante el uso exclusivo de medios y sistemas informáticos, telemáticos y de telecomunicación. En particular, se entenderá cumplida esta circunstancia en el caso de trabajadores por cuenta ajena que cuenten con el visado para teletrabajo de carácter internacional previsto en la Ley 14/2013, de 27 de septiembre, de apoyo a los emprendedores y su internacionalización. 2.º Como consecuencia de la adquisición de la condición de administrador de una entidad. En caso de que la entidad tenga la consideración de entidad patrimonial en los términos previstos en el artículo 5, apartado 2, de la Ley del Impuesto sobre Sociedades, el administrador no podrá tener una participación en dicha entidad que determine su consideración como entidad vinculada en los términos previstos en el artículo 18 de la Ley 27/2014, de 27 de noviembre, del Impuesto sobre Sociedades. 3.º Como consecuencia de la realización en España de una actividad económica calificada como actividad emprendedora, de acuerdo con el procedimiento descrito en el artículo 70 de la Ley 14/2013, de 27 de septiembre, en los términos establecidos reglamentariamente. 4.º Como consecuencia de la realización en España de una actividad económica por parte de un profesional altamente cualificado que preste servicios a empresas emergentes en el sentido del artículo 3 de la Ley 28/2022, de 21 de diciembre, de fomento del ecosistema de empresas emergentes, o que lleve a cabo actividades de formación, investigación, desarrollo e innovación, percibiendo por ello una remuneración que represente en conjunto más del 40 % de la totalidad de los rendimientos empresariales, profesionales y del trabajo personal. Reglamentariamente se determinará la forma de acreditar la condición de profesional altamente cualificado, así como la determinación de los requisitos para calificar las actividades como de formación, investigación, desarrollo e innovación. c) Que no obtenga rentas que se calificarían como obtenidas mediante un establecimiento permanente situado en territorio español, salvo en el supuesto previsto en la letra b).3.º y 4.º de este apartado. El contribuyente que opte por la tributación por el Impuesto sobre la Renta de no Residentes quedará sujeto por obligación real en el Impuesto sobre el Patrimonio. La persona titular del Ministerio de Hacienda y Función Pública establecerá el procedimiento para el ejercicio de la opción mencionada en este apartado. 2. La aplicación de este régimen especial implicará, en los términos que se establezcan reglamentariamente, la determinación de la deuda tributaria del Impuesto sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas con arreglo a las normas establecidas en el texto refundido de la Ley del Impuesto sobre la Renta de no Residentes, aprobado por el Real Decreto Legislativo 5/2004, de 5 de marzo, para las rentas obtenidas sin mediación de establecimiento permanente con las siguientes especialidades: a) No resultará de aplicación lo dispuesto en los artículos 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11 y 14 del capítulo I del citado texto refundido. No obstante, estarán exentos los rendimientos del trabajo en especie a los que se refiere la letra a) del artículo 14.1 del citado texto refundido. b) La totalidad de los rendimientos de actividades económicas calificadas como una actividad emprendedora o de los rendimientos del trabajo obtenidos por el contribuyente durante la aplicación del régimen especial se entenderán obtenidos en territorio español. c) A efectos de la liquidación del impuesto, se gravarán acumuladamente las rentas obtenidas por el contribuyente en territorio español durante el año natural, sin que sea posible compensación alguna entre aquellas. d) La base liquidable estará formada por la totalidad de las rentas a que se refiere la letra c) anterior, distinguiéndose entre las rentas a que se refiere el artículo 25.1.f) del texto refundido de la Ley del Impuesto sobre la Renta de no Residentes, y el resto de rentas. e) Para la determinación de la cuota íntegra: 1.º A la base liquidable, salvo la parte de la misma correspondiente a las rentas a que se refiere el artículo 25.1.f) del texto refundido de la Ley del Impuesto sobre la Renta de no Residentes, se le aplicarán los tipos que se indican en la siguiente escala: Base liquidable – Euros Tipo aplicable – Porcentaje Hasta 600.000 euros. 24 Desde 600.000,01 euros en adelante. 47 2.º A la parte de la base liquidable correspondiente a las rentas a que se refiere el artículo 25.1.f) del texto refundido de la Ley del Impuesto sobre la Renta de no Residentes, se le aplicarán los tipos que se indican en la siguiente escala: Base liquidable del ahorro – Hasta euros Cuota íntegra – Euros Resto base liquidable del ahorro – Hasta euros Tipo aplicable – Porcentaje 0 0 6.000 19 6.000,00 1.140 44.000 21 50.000,00 10.380 150.000 23 200.000,00 44.880 En adelante. 26 f) Las retenciones e ingresos a cuenta en concepto de pagos a cuenta del impuesto se practicarán, en los términos que se establezcan reglamentariamente, de acuerdo con la normativa del Impuesto sobre la Renta de no Residentes. No obstante, el porcentaje de retención o ingreso a cuenta sobre rendimientos del trabajo será el 24 por ciento. Cuando las retribuciones satisfechas por un mismo pagador de rendimientos del trabajo durante el año natural excedan de 600.000 euros, el porcentaje de retención aplicable al exceso será el 47 por ciento. 3. También podrán optar por tributar por el Impuesto sobre la Renta de no Residentes, con las reglas especiales previstas en el apartado 2 de este artículo, manteniendo la condición de contribuyentes por el Impuesto sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas, el cónyuge del contribuyente a que se refiere el apartado 1 anterior y sus hijos, menores de veinticinco años o cualquiera que sea su edad en caso de discapacidad, o en el supuesto de inexistencia de vínculo matrimonial, el progenitor de estos, siempre que se cumplan las siguientes condiciones: a) Que se desplacen a territorio español con el contribuyente a que se refiere el apartado 1 anterior o en un momento posterior, siempre que no hubiera finalizado el primer período impositivo en el que a este le resulte de aplicación el régimen especial. b) Que adquieran su residencia fiscal en España. c) Que cumplan las condiciones a que se refieren las letras a) y c) del apartado 1 de este artículo. d) Que la suma de las bases liquidables, a que se refiere la letra d) del apartado 2 de este artículo, de los contribuyentes en cada uno de los períodos impositivos en los que les resulte de aplicación este régimen especial, sea inferior a la base liquidable del contribuyente a que se refiere el apartado 1 anterior. El régimen especial resultará de aplicación durante los sucesivos períodos impositivos en los que, cumpliéndose tales condiciones, el mismo resulte también de aplicación al contribuyente previsto en el apartado 1 anterior. Reglamentariamente se establecerán los términos y condiciones para la aplicación del presente régimen especial.»
Source: Boletín Oficial del Estado · retrieved 2026-11-10 · supports before · show quote
Cincuenta y nueve. Se modifica el artículo 93, que queda redactado de la siguiente forma: «Artículo 93. Régimen fiscal especial aplicable a los trabajadores desplazados a territorio español. 1. Las personas físicas que adquieran su residencia fiscal en España como consecuencia de su desplazamiento a territorio español podrán optar por tributar por el Impuesto sobre la Renta de no Residentes, con las reglas especiales previstas en el apartado 2 de este artículo, manteniendo la condición de contribuyentes por el Impuesto sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas, durante el período impositivo en que se efectúe el cambio de residencia y durante los cinco períodos impositivos siguientes, cuando, en los términos que se establezcan reglamentariamente, se cumplan las siguientes condiciones: a) Que no hayan sido residentes en España durante los diez períodos impositivos anteriores a aquel en el que se produzca su desplazamiento a territorio español. b) Que el desplazamiento a territorio español se produzca como consecuencia de alguna de las siguientes circunstancias: 1.º Como consecuencia de un contrato de trabajo, con excepción de la relación laboral especial de los deportistas profesionales regulada por el Real Decreto 1006/1985, de 26 de junio. Se entenderá cumplida esta condición cuando se inicie una relación laboral, ordinaria o especial distinta de la anteriormente indicada, o estatutaria con un empleador en España, o cuando el desplazamiento sea ordenado por el empleador y exista una carta de desplazamiento de este. 2.º Como consecuencia de la adquisición de la condición de administrador de una entidad en cuyo capital no participe o, en caso contrario, cuando la participación en la misma no determine la consideración de entidad vinculada en los términos previstos en el artículo 18 de la Ley del Impuesto sobre Sociedades. c) Que no obtenga rentas que se calificarían como obtenidas mediante un establecimiento permanente situado en territorio español. El contribuyente que opte por la tributación por el Impuesto sobre la Renta de no Residentes quedará sujeto por obligación real en el Impuesto sobre el Patrimonio. El Ministro de Hacienda y Administraciones Públicas establecerá el procedimiento para el ejercicio de la opción mencionada en este apartado. 2. La aplicación de este régimen especial implicará, en los términos que se establezcan reglamentariamente, la determinación de la deuda tributaria del Impuesto sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas con arreglo a las normas establecidas en el texto refundido de la Ley del Impuesto sobre la Renta de no Residentes, aprobado por el Real Decreto Legislativo 5/2004, de 5 de marzo, para las rentas obtenidas sin mediación de establecimiento permanente con las siguientes especialidades: a) No resultará de aplicación lo dispuesto en los artículos 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11 y 14 del Capítulo I del citado texto refundido. b) La totalidad de los rendimientos del trabajo obtenidos por el contribuyente durante la aplicación del régimen especial se entenderán obtenidos en territorio español. c) A efectos de la liquidación del impuesto, se gravarán acumuladamente las rentas obtenidas por el contribuyente en territorio español durante el año natural, sin que sea posible compensación alguna entre aquellas. d) La base liquidable estará formada por la totalidad de las rentas a que se refiere la letra c) anterior, distinguiéndose entre las rentas a que se refiere el artículo 25.1. f) del texto refundido de la Ley del Impuesto sobre la Renta de no Residentes, y el resto de rentas. e) Para la determinación de la cuota íntegra: 1.º A la base liquidable, salvo la parte de la misma correspondiente a las rentas a que se refiere el artículo 25.1.f) del texto refundido de la Ley del Impuesto sobre la Renta de no Residentes, se le aplicarán los tipos que se indican en la siguiente escala: Base liquidable – Euros Tipo aplicable – Porcentaje Hasta 600.000 euros 24 Desde 600.000,01 euros en adelante 45 2.º A la parte de la base liquidable correspondiente a las rentas a que se refiere el artículo 25.1.f) del texto refundido de la Ley del Impuesto sobre la Renta de no Residentes, se le aplicarán los tipos que se indican en la siguiente escala: Parte la base liquidable – Hasta euros Cuota íntegra – Euros Resto base liquidable – Hasta euros Tipo aplicable – Porcentaje 0 0 6.000 19 6.000,00 1.140 44.000 21 50.000,00 10.380 En adelante 23 f) Las retenciones e ingresos a cuenta en concepto de pagos a cuenta del impuesto se practicarán, en los términos que se establezcan reglamentariamente, de acuerdo con la normativa del Impuesto de la Renta de no Residentes. No obstante, el porcentaje de retención o ingreso a cuenta sobre rendimientos del trabajo será el 24 por ciento. Cuando las retribuciones satisfechas por un mismo pagador de rendimientos del trabajo durante el año natural excedan de 600.000 euros, el porcentaje de retención aplicable al exceso será el 45 por ciento.»
Source: Boletín Oficial del Estado · retrieved 2026-11-10 · supports effective date, enacted date · show quote
Disposición final tercera. Modificación de la Ley 35/2006, de 28 de noviembre, del Impuesto sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas y de modificación parcial de las leyes de los Impuestos sobre Sociedades, sobre la Renta de no Residentes y sobre el Patrimonio. Con efectos desde el 1 de enero de 2023, se introducen las siguientes modificaciones en la Ley 35/2006, de 28 de noviembre, del Impuesto sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas y de modificación parcial de las leyes de los Impuestos sobre Sociedades, sobre la Renta de no Residentes y sobre el Patrimonio, quedando redactada de la siguiente forma: [...] Disposición final decimotercera. Entrada en vigor. Esta ley entrará en vigor el día siguiente al de su publicación en el «Boletín Oficial del Estado». Por tanto, Mando a todos los españoles, particulares y autoridades, que guarden y hagan guardar esta ley. Madrid, 21 de diciembre de 2022. FELIPE R. El Presidente del Gobierno, PEDRO SÁNCHEZ PÉREZ-CASTEJÓN
Source: Boletín Oficial del Estado · retrieved 2026-11-10 · supports published date · show quote
Documento BOE-A-2022-21739 Ley 28/2022, de 21 de diciembre, de fomento del ecosistema de las empresas emergentes.Ver texto consolidado Publicado en: «BOE» núm. 306, de 22 de diciembre de 2022, páginas 179017 a 179060 (44 págs.) Sección:

Reviewed: 2026-11-11

Recorded 2026-11-10

2020

1 April 2020PortugalPersonal income tax

Earlier NHR cohorts retain prior pension rules

The prior Articles 22, 72 and 81 continue for the remaining NHR period for the protected cohorts. These taxpayers may elect the new rules in the 2020 return.

Access to the special regime: not established → The prior Articles 22, 72 and 81 continue for the remaining NHR period for the protected cohorts. These taxpayers may elect the new rules in the 2020 return.

Applies in:
National
Cohorts:
Existing beneficiaries
Regime:
nhr
Effective through:
No end date recorded
Tax years:
2020
Application deadline:
31 March 2020 or 31 March 2021 for the specified resident cohorts; election in the 2020 income return.
Income scope:
Treatment under the prior Articles 22, 72 and 81.
Conditions:
Registered or pending NHR at entry into force; also persons already tax resident then who meet the 2019 or 2020 conditions and apply by 31 March 2020 or 2021, respectively.
Not established:
entry window, duration, sunset, excludes

Legal status: in force · Confidence: verified

Enacted: 23 March 2020

Published: 31 March 2020

Source: Diário da República · retrieved 2026-11-11 · supports after, eligibility · show quote
2 — O disposto nos artigos 22.º, 72.º e 81.º do Código do IRS na redação anterior à introdu- zida pela presente lei continua a ser aplicável enquanto não estiver esgotado o período a que se referem os n.os 9 a 12 do artigo 16.º do Código do IRS, relativamente aos sujeitos passivos que, à data de entrada em vigor da presente lei, já se encontrem inscritos como residentes não habi- tuais no registo de contribuintes da Autoridade Tributária e Aduaneira ou cujo pedido de inscrição já tenha sido submetido e esteja pendente para análise, bem como aos sujeitos passivos que, à data de entrada em vigor da presente lei, sejam considerados residentes para efeitos fiscais e que solicitem a respetiva inscrição como residentes não habituais até 31 de março de 2020 ou 2021, por reunirem as respetivas condições em 2019 ou 2020, respetivamente. 3 — Os sujeitos passivos que, à data de entrada em vigor da presente lei, já se encontrem inscritos como residentes não habituais no registo de contribuintes da Autoridade Tributária e Adua- neira ou cujo pedido de inscrição já tenha sido submetido e esteja pendente para análise podem optar pela sua tributação de acordo com a redação introduzida pela presente lei aos artigos 22.º, 72.º e 81.º do Código do IRS, desde que não esteja já esgotado o período a que se referem os n.os 9 a 12 do artigo 16.º do Código do IRS. 4 — Os sujeitos passivos que, à data de entrada em vigor da presente lei, sejam considerados residentes para efeitos fiscais e que solicitem a respetiva inscrição como residentes não habituais até 31 de março de 2020 ou 2021, por reunirem as respetivas condições em 2019 ou 2020, res- petivamente, podem igualmente optar pela sua tributação de acordo com a redação introduzida pela presente lei aos artigos 22.º, 72.º e 81.º do Código do IRS. 5 — A opção a que se referem os números anteriores deve ser exercida pelos sujeitos pas- sivos na declaração de rendimentos respeitante ao ano de 2020.
Source: Diário da República · retrieved 2026-11-11 · supports effective date, enacted date · show quote
Artigo 430.º Entrada em vigor A presente lei entra em vigor no dia seguinte ao da sua publicação. Aprovada em 6 de fevereiro de 2020. O Presidente da Assembleia da República, Eduardo Ferro Rodrigues. Promulgada em 23 de março de 2020. Publique-se. O Presidente da República, MARCELO REBELO DE SOUSA. Referendada em 30 de março de 2020. O Primeiro-Ministro, António Luís Santos da Costa.
Source: Diário da República · retrieved 2026-11-11 · supports published date · show quote
I SÉRIE Terça-feira, 31 de março de 2020 Número 64

Reviewed: 2026-11-11

Recorded 2026-11-11
1 April 2020PortugalPersonal income tax

NHR foreign pension rate introduced for unprotected entrants

A 10% rate applies to the specified foreign pension income. Article 329 protects earlier cohorts and permits an election into the new rules.

NHR rate on specified foreign pensions: not established → 10%, subject to the statutory pension and contribution conditions

Applies in:
National
Cohorts:
Newcomers
Regime:
nhr
Effective through:
No end date recorded
Tax years:
2020
Income scope:
Net pensions including category H and the specified Article 2 payments; foreign-source under Article 18; contribution deduction restriction applies.
Conditions:
NHR beneficiaries outside Article 329 protection; protected beneficiaries can elect the new treatment.
Excludes:
Persons protected by Article 329 who do not elect the new treatment.
Not established:
entry window, application deadline, duration, sunset

Legal status: in force · Confidence: qualified — Historical 2020 rate introduction for entrants outside the 2020 protection. As of 2026-11-11, in_force means continued application to cohorts saved by Article 236 of Law 82/2023. Article 72(12) itself was repealed; this is not an open route for a person first becoming resident in 2026. Prior treatment is unknown, not an unconditional 0%.

Enacted: 23 March 2020

Published: 31 March 2020

Source: Diário da República · retrieved 2026-11-11 · supports after, eligibility · show quote
12 — Os residentes não habituais em território português são ainda tributados à taxa de 10 % relativamente aos rendimentos líquidos de pensões, incluindo os da categoria H e os previstos na alínea d) do n.º 1 e subalíneas 3) e 11) da alínea b) do n.º 3 do artigo 2.º, quando, pelos critérios previstos no n.º 1 do artigo 18.º, não sejam de considerar obtidos em território português, na parte em que os mesmos, quando tenham origem em contribuições, não tenham gerado uma dedução para efeitos do n.º 2 do artigo 25.º [...] 2 — O disposto nos artigos 22.º, 72.º e 81.º do Código do IRS na redação anterior à introdu- zida pela presente lei continua a ser aplicável enquanto não estiver esgotado o período a que se referem os n.os 9 a 12 do artigo 16.º do Código do IRS, relativamente aos sujeitos passivos que, à data de entrada em vigor da presente lei, já se encontrem inscritos como residentes não habi- tuais no registo de contribuintes da Autoridade Tributária e Aduaneira ou cujo pedido de inscrição já tenha sido submetido e esteja pendente para análise, bem como aos sujeitos passivos que, à data de entrada em vigor da presente lei, sejam considerados residentes para efeitos fiscais e que solicitem a respetiva inscrição como residentes não habituais até 31 de março de 2020 ou 2021, por reunirem as respetivas condições em 2019 ou 2020, respetivamente. 3 — Os sujeitos passivos que, à data de entrada em vigor da presente lei, já se encontrem inscritos como residentes não habituais no registo de contribuintes da Autoridade Tributária e Adua- neira ou cujo pedido de inscrição já tenha sido submetido e esteja pendente para análise podem optar pela sua tributação de acordo com a redação introduzida pela presente lei aos artigos 22.º, 72.º e 81.º do Código do IRS, desde que não esteja já esgotado o período a que se referem os n.os 9 a 12 do artigo 16.º do Código do IRS. 4 — Os sujeitos passivos que, à data de entrada em vigor da presente lei, sejam considerados residentes para efeitos fiscais e que solicitem a respetiva inscrição como residentes não habituais até 31 de março de 2020 ou 2021, por reunirem as respetivas condições em 2019 ou 2020, res- petivamente, podem igualmente optar pela sua tributação de acordo com a redação introduzida pela presente lei aos artigos 22.º, 72.º e 81.º do Código do IRS. 5 — A opção a que se referem os números anteriores deve ser exercida pelos sujeitos pas- sivos na declaração de rendimentos respeitante ao ano de 2020.
Source: Diário da República · retrieved 2026-11-11 · supports effective date, enacted date · show quote
Artigo 430.º Entrada em vigor A presente lei entra em vigor no dia seguinte ao da sua publicação. Aprovada em 6 de fevereiro de 2020. O Presidente da Assembleia da República, Eduardo Ferro Rodrigues. Promulgada em 23 de março de 2020. Publique-se. O Presidente da República, MARCELO REBELO DE SOUSA. Referendada em 30 de março de 2020. O Primeiro-Ministro, António Luís Santos da Costa.
Source: Diário da República · retrieved 2026-11-11 · supports published date · show quote
I SÉRIE Terça-feira, 31 de março de 2020 Número 64

Reviewed: 2026-11-11

Recorded 2026-11-11

2015

1 January 2015SpainPersonal income tax

2015 inbound-worker rate structure

For 2015, the non-savings base is taxed at 24% up to EUR 600,000 and 47% above that amount. The law’s general 45% upper rate must not replace its specific 2015 scale.

Inbound regime upper rate on non-savings base: not established → 2015: 24% up to EUR 600,000; 47% above EUR 600,000

Applies in:
National
Cohorts:
Newcomers
Regime:
beckham
Effective through:
2015
Tax years:
2015
Duration:
6 years
Income scope:
Non-savings base; savings-type income has a separate scale.
Conditions:
Eligible inbound workers or directors under reformed Article 93; ten prior non-resident tax periods; professional athletes excluded; no Spanish permanent-establishment income.
Not established:
entry window, application deadline, sunset, excludes

Legal status: expired · Confidence: qualified — Only the 2015 non-savings scale for the reformed Article 93 route: 24% through EUR 600,000 and 47% above. Pre-2015 movers could elect the former rules; the event does not cover that election. The general 45% scale is not the 2015 exception. The event has expired; it is not evidence of a 2016 or current rate.

Enacted: 27 November 2014

Published: 28 November 2014

Source: Boletín Oficial del Estado · retrieved 2026-11-10 · supports after, eligibility · show quote
Cincuenta y nueve. Se modifica el artículo 93, que queda redactado de la siguiente forma: «Artículo 93. Régimen fiscal especial aplicable a los trabajadores desplazados a territorio español. 1. Las personas físicas que adquieran su residencia fiscal en España como consecuencia de su desplazamiento a territorio español podrán optar por tributar por el Impuesto sobre la Renta de no Residentes, con las reglas especiales previstas en el apartado 2 de este artículo, manteniendo la condición de contribuyentes por el Impuesto sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas, durante el período impositivo en que se efectúe el cambio de residencia y durante los cinco períodos impositivos siguientes, cuando, en los términos que se establezcan reglamentariamente, se cumplan las siguientes condiciones: a) Que no hayan sido residentes en España durante los diez períodos impositivos anteriores a aquel en el que se produzca su desplazamiento a territorio español. b) Que el desplazamiento a territorio español se produzca como consecuencia de alguna de las siguientes circunstancias: 1.º Como consecuencia de un contrato de trabajo, con excepción de la relación laboral especial de los deportistas profesionales regulada por el Real Decreto 1006/1985, de 26 de junio. Se entenderá cumplida esta condición cuando se inicie una relación laboral, ordinaria o especial distinta de la anteriormente indicada, o estatutaria con un empleador en España, o cuando el desplazamiento sea ordenado por el empleador y exista una carta de desplazamiento de este. 2.º Como consecuencia de la adquisición de la condición de administrador de una entidad en cuyo capital no participe o, en caso contrario, cuando la participación en la misma no determine la consideración de entidad vinculada en los términos previstos en el artículo 18 de la Ley del Impuesto sobre Sociedades. c) Que no obtenga rentas que se calificarían como obtenidas mediante un establecimiento permanente situado en territorio español. El contribuyente que opte por la tributación por el Impuesto sobre la Renta de no Residentes quedará sujeto por obligación real en el Impuesto sobre el Patrimonio. El Ministro de Hacienda y Administraciones Públicas establecerá el procedimiento para el ejercicio de la opción mencionada en este apartado. 2. La aplicación de este régimen especial implicará, en los términos que se establezcan reglamentariamente, la determinación de la deuda tributaria del Impuesto sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas con arreglo a las normas establecidas en el texto refundido de la Ley del Impuesto sobre la Renta de no Residentes, aprobado por el Real Decreto Legislativo 5/2004, de 5 de marzo, para las rentas obtenidas sin mediación de establecimiento permanente con las siguientes especialidades: a) No resultará de aplicación lo dispuesto en los artículos 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11 y 14 del Capítulo I del citado texto refundido. b) La totalidad de los rendimientos del trabajo obtenidos por el contribuyente durante la aplicación del régimen especial se entenderán obtenidos en territorio español. c) A efectos de la liquidación del impuesto, se gravarán acumuladamente las rentas obtenidas por el contribuyente en territorio español durante el año natural, sin que sea posible compensación alguna entre aquellas. d) La base liquidable estará formada por la totalidad de las rentas a que se refiere la letra c) anterior, distinguiéndose entre las rentas a que se refiere el artículo 25.1. f) del texto refundido de la Ley del Impuesto sobre la Renta de no Residentes, y el resto de rentas. e) Para la determinación de la cuota íntegra: 1.º A la base liquidable, salvo la parte de la misma correspondiente a las rentas a que se refiere el artículo 25.1.f) del texto refundido de la Ley del Impuesto sobre la Renta de no Residentes, se le aplicarán los tipos que se indican en la siguiente escala: Base liquidable – Euros Tipo aplicable – Porcentaje Hasta 600.000 euros 24 Desde 600.000,01 euros en adelante 45 2.º A la parte de la base liquidable correspondiente a las rentas a que se refiere el artículo 25.1.f) del texto refundido de la Ley del Impuesto sobre la Renta de no Residentes, se le aplicarán los tipos que se indican en la siguiente escala: Parte la base liquidable – Hasta euros Cuota íntegra – Euros Resto base liquidable – Hasta euros Tipo aplicable – Porcentaje 0 0 6.000 19 6.000,00 1.140 44.000 21 50.000,00 10.380 En adelante 23 f) Las retenciones e ingresos a cuenta en concepto de pagos a cuenta del impuesto se practicarán, en los términos que se establezcan reglamentariamente, de acuerdo con la normativa del Impuesto de la Renta de no Residentes. No obstante, el porcentaje de retención o ingreso a cuenta sobre rendimientos del trabajo será el 24 por ciento. Cuando las retribuciones satisfechas por un mismo pagador de rendimientos del trabajo durante el año natural excedan de 600.000 euros, el porcentaje de retención aplicable al exceso será el 45 por ciento.»
Source: Boletín Oficial del Estado · retrieved 2026-11-10 · supports after, end date · show quote
«Disposición adicional trigésima primera. Escalas y tipos de retención aplicables en 2015. 1. En el período impositivo 2015 las escalas para la determinación de la cuota íntegra del impuesto serán: [...] f) La escala a que se refiere el número 1.º de la letra e) del apartado 2 del artículo 93 de esta Ley será la siguiente: Base liquidable – Euros Tipo aplicable – Porcentaje Hasta 600.000 euros 24 Desde 600.000,01 euros en adelante 47
Source: Boletín Oficial del Estado · retrieved 2026-11-10 · supports effective date, enacted date · show quote
Disposición final sexta. Entrada en vigor. Esta Ley entrará en vigor el 1 de enero de 2015. No obstante lo anterior: a) Los apartados uno y noventa y dos del artículo primero de esta Ley entrarán en vigor el día siguiente al de su publicación en el «Boletín Oficial del Estado». b) Los apartados seis, dieciocho, noventa y uno y noventa y seis del artículo primero de esta Ley entrarán en vigor el 1 de enero de 2016. c) Los apartados veintitrés, sesenta y cuatro y noventa y cinco del artículo primero de esta Ley entrarán en vigor el 1 de enero de 2017. Asimismo, entrarán en vigor el 1 de enero de 2017 las modificaciones de la letra a) del apartado 1 del artículo 37, del apartado 2 del artículo 37 y del apartado 6 del artículo 101, todos ellos de la Ley 35/2006, de 28 de noviembre, del Impuesto sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas y de modificación parcial de las leyes de los Impuestos sobre Sociedades, sobre la Renta de no Residentes y sobre el Patrimonio, a que se refieren los apartados veintidós y sesenta y cinco del artículo primero de esta Ley. Por tanto, Mando a todos los españoles, particulares y autoridades, que guarden y hagan guardar esta ley. Madrid, 27 de noviembre de 2014. FELIPE R. El Presidente del Gobierno, MARIANO RAJOY BREY
Source: Boletín Oficial del Estado · retrieved 2026-11-10 · supports published date · show quote
Ley 26/2014, de 27 de noviembre, por la que se modifican la Ley 35/2006, de 28 de noviembre, del Impuesto sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas, el texto refundido de la Ley del Impuesto sobre la Renta de no Residentes, aprobado por el Real Decreto Legislativo 5/2004, de 5 de marzo, y otras normas tributarias. Publicado en: «BOE» núm. 288, de 28 de noviembre de 2014, páginas 96860 a 96938 (79 págs.)

Reviewed: 2026-11-11

Recorded 2026-11-11

2009

Retroactive: effective 1 January 2009; enacted 11 September 2009PortugalPersonal income tax

NHR introduced with effect from 1 January 2009

The original NHR regime introduced a 20% rate for eligible category A and B income and a ten-year period.

NHR rate on eligible category A and B income: New NHR regime. → 20% on eligible high-value-added activities

Applies in:
National
Cohorts:
Newcomers
Regime:
nhr
Effective through:
No end date recorded
Tax years:
2009
Duration:
10 years
Income scope:
Eligible high-value-added scientific, artistic or technical category A and B income.
Conditions:
Original text: no Portuguese resident taxation in the preceding five years; registration and annual tax residence required.
Not established:
entry window, application deadline, sunset, excludes

Legal status: repealed · Confidence: qualified — Historical introduction only. The original ten-year provision expressly says “renováveis”; duration_years=10 is the initial period, not a finding that the original text prohibited renewal. The NHR admission provisions were repealed from 2024, with saved cohorts. This event does not state current admission conditions.

Published: 23 September 2009

Source: Diário da República · retrieved 2026-11-11 · supports after, eligibility · show quote
disposto na alínea b) do n.º 1, não tenham em qualquer dos cinco anos anteriores sido tributados como tal em sede de IRS. 7 — O sujeito passivo que seja considerado residente não habitual adquire o direito a ser tributado como tal pelo período de 10 anos consecutivos, renováveis, com a inscrição dessa qualidade no registo de contribuintes da Direcção -Geral dos Impostos. 8 — O gozo do direito a ser tributado como resi- dente não habitual em cada ano do período referido no número anterior requer que o sujeito passivo nele seja considerado residente para efeitos de IRS. 9 — O sujeito passivo que não tenha gozado do di- reito referido no número anterior num ou mais anos do período referido no n.º 7 pode retomar o gozo do mesmo em qualquer dos anos remanescentes daquele período, contando que nele volte a ser considerado residente para efeitos de IRS. Artigo 22.º [...] [...] 5 — . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 — Os rendimentos líquidos das categorias A e B auferidos em actividades de elevado valor acrescentado, com carácter científico, artístico ou técnico, a definir em portaria do membro do Governo responsável pela área das finanças, por residentes não habituais em território português, são tributados à taxa de 20 %. 7 — Os rendimentos previstos nos n.os 4, 5 e 6 po-
Source: Diário da República · retrieved 2026-11-11 · supports effective date, enacted date · show quote
a) Os artigos 1.º a 3.º e 8.º a 13.º do Decreto- -Lei n.º 401/99, de 14 de Outubro; b) O Decreto -Lei n.º 409/99, de 15 de Outubro. Artigo 9.º Produção de efeitos O presente decreto -lei produz efeitos desde 1 de Janeiro de 2009. Visto e aprovado em Conselho de Ministros de 16 de Julho de 2009. — José Sócrates Carvalho Pinto de Sou- sa — Fernando Teixeira dos Santos — Alberto Bernar- des Costa — João Manuel Machado Ferrão — Fernando Teixeira dos Santos — José Mariano Rebelo Pires Gago. Promulgado em 11 de Setembro de 2009. Publique -se. O Presidente da República, ANÍBAL CAVACO SILVA. Referendado em 11 de Setembro de 2009.
Source: Diário da República · retrieved 2026-11-11 · supports published date · show quote
I SÉRIE Quarta-feira, 23 de Setembro de 2009 Número 185

Reviewed: 2026-11-11

Recorded 2026-11-10

2004

1 January 2004SpainPersonal income tax

Inbound-worker special regime introduced

The original law permits eligible inbound workers to elect non-resident taxation in the residence-change tax year and the five following tax years. This is the predecessor of current Article 93 LIRPF.

Inbound special regime duration in tax years: New Article 9(5) of Law 40/1998. → Residence-change tax year plus five following tax years

Applies in:
National
Cohorts:
Newcomers
Regime:
beckham
Effective through:
No end date recorded
Tax years:
2004
Duration:
6 years
Income scope:
Election into IRNR treatment under original conditions.
Conditions:
No Spanish residence during the prior ten years; move due to employment contract; work performed in Spain for a resident entity or Spanish permanent establishment; employment income not exempt under IRNR.
Not established:
entry window, application deadline, sunset, excludes

Legal status: in force · Confidence: qualified — Historical introduction and original eligibility only. Six means the residence-change tax year plus five following tax years. The original Article 9(5) of Law 40/1998 was repealed on recodification in 2004; in_force describes the continuing special regime under successor Article 93, not continued force of the 2003 instrument or its original ten-year non-residence test. Current eligibility is the separately recorded 2023 rule.

Enacted: 30 December 2003

Published: 31 December 2003

Source: Boletín Oficial del Estado · retrieved 2026-11-10 · supports after, eligibility · show quote
Cuatro. Se introduce un nuevo apartado 5 en el artículo 9 de la Ley 40/1998, de 9 de diciembre, del Impuesto sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas y otras Normas Tributarias, que quedará redactado de la siguiente manera: «5. Las personas físicas que adquieran su residencia fiscal en España como consecuencia de su desplazamiento a territorio español, podrán optar por tributar por este Impuesto o por el Impuesto sobre la Renta de no Residentes durante el período impositivo en que se efectúe el cambio de residencia y durante los cinco períodos impositivos siguientes, cuando se cumplan las siguientes condiciones: Que no hayan sido residentes en España durante los 10 años anteriores a su nuevo desplazamiento a territorio español. Que el desplazamiento a territorio español se produzca como consecuencia de un contrato de trabajo. Que los trabajos se realicen efectivamente en España. Que dichos trabajos se realicen para una empresa o entidad residente en España o para un establecimiento permanente situado en España de una entidad no residente en territorio español. Que los rendimientos del trabajo que se deriven de dicha relación laboral no estén exentos de tributación por el Impuesto sobre la Renta de no Residentes. El contribuyente que opte por la tributación por el Impuesto sobre la Renta de no Residentes quedará sujeto por obligación real en el Impuesto sobre el Patrimonio. El Ministro de Hacienda establecerá el procedimiento para el ejercicio de la opción mencionada en este apartado.»
Source: Boletín Oficial del Estado · retrieved 2026-11-10 · supports effective date, enacted date · show quote
Disposición final decimonovena. Entrada en vigor. Uno. Esta ley entrará en vigor el día 1 de enero de 2004. Dos. Las modificaciones del artículo 10 y 25 c) de la Ley 16/1989, de 17 de julio, de Defensa de la Competencia, que se contemplan en el artículo 95 de esta ley, y la modificación del apartado 5 d) del artículo 1 de la Ley 1/2002, de 21 de febrero, de Coordinación de las competencias del Estado y las Comunidades Autónomas en materia de Defensa de la Competencia, que se contempla en el artículo 96 de esta ley, entrarán en vigor a partir del día 1 de mayo de 2004. Tres. Las nuevas redacciones del apartado tres del artículo 80 de la Ley 37/1992, de 28 de diciembre, del Impuesto sobre el Valor Añadido, y del número 6 del artículo 22.º de la Ley 20/1991, de 7 de junio, de Modificación de los aspectos fiscales del Régimen Económico Fiscal de Canarias, entrarán en vigor el 1 de septiembre de 2004. Por tanto, Mando a todos los españoles, particulares y autoridades, que guarden y hagan guardar esta ley. Madrid, 30 de diciembre de 2003. JUAN CARLOS R. El Presidente del Gobierno, JOSÉ MARÍA AZNAR LÓPEZ
Source: Boletín Oficial del Estado · retrieved 2026-11-10 · supports published date · show quote
Ley 62/2003, de 30 de diciembre, de medidas fiscales, administrativas y del orden social.Ver texto consolidado Publicado en: «BOE» núm. 313, de 31 de diciembre de 2003, páginas 46874 a 46992 (119 págs.) Sección: I. Disposiciones generales

Reviewed: 2026-11-11

Recorded 2026-11-10

Data updates we recorded

These entries are dated by when Sovereign recorded the figure, not by when a law took effect.

Automated source checks: 28 countries (tax rates 21, residence routes 8, citizenship 11). 20 countries with a published change, 221 changes.

Algeria

Tax rates
commit d886a5f7

Azerbaijan

Tax rates
  • Top tax rate on wages: 37.5% → 29%. Legal effective date not verified Source: State Tax Service
commit 97ff7ca4

Belgium

Tax rates
  • Top rate on rental income: 53.5% → 32.1%. Legal effective date not verified Source: SPF Finances
  • Brussels-Capital Region (Region de Bruxelles-Capitale / Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest): top rate on rental income: 53.5% → 32.1%. Legal effective date not verified Source: SPF Finances
  • Flanders (Vlaanderen): top rate on rental income: 53.5% → 32.1%. Legal effective date not verified Source: SPF Finances
  • Wallonia (Wallonie): top rate on rental income: 53.5% → 32.1%. Legal effective date not verified Source: SPF Finances
commit 93c5bb87

Bermuda

Tax rates
commits dfd37fbb, e83c3e51

Brazil

Tax rates
commits e050afed, e83c3e51

Palestine

Tax rates
  • Tax basis: worldwide → territorial. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Crypto treatment: capital gains → unverified. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on crypto gains: 15% → not computed. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on dividends: 5% → 0%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on long-term capital gains: 15% → 0%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on interest: 5% → 15%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top tax rate on wages: 22.5% → 15%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Tax year: 2025 → 2026. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
commit 98967e01

Paraguay

Tax rates
  • Top rate on long-term capital gains: not computed → 8%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on interest: not computed → 8%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on rental income: not computed → 4%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
commit 1e0bee6f

Samoa

Tax rates
commit d23929f9

Serbia

Tax rates
  • Top rate on dividends: not computed → 15%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on long-term capital gains: not computed → 15%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on interest: not computed → 15%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on rental income: not computed → 15%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
commit cc828326

Vanuatu

Tax rates
commit 0ccc42bc

Zambia

Tax rates
  • Tax basis: worldwide → territorial. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
commit d31bd079

Belgium

Residence routes
  • Residence route added: EU Blue Card — highly qualified employee. Legal effective date not verified Source: Federal Public Service Justice
  • Residence route added: EU free movement — employment or self-employment. Legal effective date not verified Source: FPS Home Affairs
  • Residence route added: EU free movement — job seeker. Legal effective date not verified Source: FPS Home Affairs
  • Residence route added: EU free movement — student. Legal effective date not verified Source: FPS Home Affairs
  • Residence route added: EU free movement — sufficient resources / retirement. Legal effective date not verified Source: FPS Home Affairs
  • Residence route added: EU intracompany transferee permit. Legal effective date not verified Source: Federal Public Service Justice
  • Residence route added: EU permanent residence — EU+ / family F+. Legal effective date not verified Source: FPS Home Affairs
  • Residence route added: Family member of an EU citizen — residence card. Legal effective date not verified Source: FPS Home Affairs
  • Residence route added: Non-EU long-term resident — L card. Legal effective date not verified Source: Belgian Immigration Office
  • Residence route added: Professional card and D visa — self-employed entrepreneur. Legal effective date not verified Source: Brussels-Capital Region
  • Residence route added: Rentier / passive-income D visa. Legal effective date not verified Source: Belgian Embassy in Jakarta
  • Residence route added: Retirement D visa. Legal effective date not verified Source: Belgian Embassy in the United States
commit 8f095f51

Brazil

Residence routes
commit d316685c

China

Residence routes
commit dbe63326

Colombia

Residence routes
commits cd699f2a, 6e044220

Denmark

Residence routes
commits a857458c, f549984f

Egypt

Residence routes
  • Residence route added: Citizenship by investment — business investment plus donation. Legal effective date not verified Source: IMI Daily
  • Residence route added: Citizenship by investment — non-refundable donation. Legal effective date not verified Source: IMI Daily
  • Residence route added: Citizenship by investment — real estate. Legal effective date not verified Source: IMI Daily
  • Residence route added: Citizenship by investment — refundable bank deposit. Legal effective date not verified Source: IMI Daily
  • Employer-sponsored foreign work and residence: years to citizenship: not stated → 10 years. Legal effective date not verified Source: Arab Republic of Egypt, English text via UNHCR Refworld
  • Residence route added: Residence by bank deposit — 1-year permit. Legal effective date not verified Source: IMI Daily
  • Residence route added: Residence by bank deposit — 3-year permit. Legal effective date not verified Source: IMI Daily
  • Residence route added: Residence by real estate purchase — 1-year permit. Legal effective date not verified Source: IMI Daily
  • Residence route added: Residence by real estate purchase — 3-year permit. Legal effective date not verified Source: IMI Daily
  • Residence route added: Residence by real estate purchase — 5-year permit. Legal effective date not verified Source: IMI Daily
  • Residence route added: Residence as spouse of an Egyptian citizen. Legal effective date not verified Source: Arab Republic of Egypt, English text via UNHCR Refworld
  • Residence route added: Three-year residence for recipients of an Egyptian public pension. Legal effective date not verified Source: Embassy of Egypt in Ireland
commits 1a135e2c, e7811a93

Finland

Residence routes
commit 6286fc6c

Germany

Residence routes
commits a1e8aae5, 42a6db43

Spain

Residence routes
  • EU citizen residence right (Directive 2004/38/EC): years to citizenship: not stated → 10 years. Legal effective date not verified Source: Spanish Ministry of Justice
  • Residence route added: Employer-sponsored residence and work. Legal effective date not verified Source: Spanish Ministry of Inclusion
  • Residence route added: Family reunification with third-country resident. Legal effective date not verified Source: Spanish Ministry of Inclusion
  • Residence route added: Highly qualified professional or EU Blue Card. Legal effective date not verified Source: Spanish Ministry of Inclusion
  • Residence route added: Innovative entrepreneur residence. Legal effective date not verified Source: Spanish Ministry of Inclusion
  • International teleworker residence authorization (in Spain): years to citizenship: not stated → 10 years. Legal effective date not verified Source: Spanish Ministry of Justice
  • Residence route added: Long study stay (higher or post-compulsory education). Legal effective date not verified Source: Spanish Ministry of Inclusion
  • Residence route added: National long-term residence after five years. Legal effective date not verified Source: Spanish Ministry of Inclusion
  • Residence route added: Non-EU family member of EU citizen. Legal effective date not verified Source: Spanish Ministry of Inclusion
  • Residence route added: Non-EU family member of Spanish citizen. Legal effective date not verified Source: Spanish Ministry of Inclusion
  • Residence route added: Non-lucrative residence (retirement or passive means). Legal effective date not verified Source: Spanish Ministry of Inclusion
  • Residence route added: Post-study job-search or business-project residence. Legal effective date not verified Source: Spanish Ministry of Inclusion
  • Residence route added: Self-employed residence and work. Legal effective date not verified Source: Spanish Ministry of Inclusion
  • Residence route added: EU citizen permanent residence after five years. Legal effective date not verified Source: European Union, EUR-Lex
  • Employer-sponsored residence and work: processing time (up to): 4 months → not stated. Legal effective date not verified Source: Spanish Ministry of Inclusion
  • Family reunification with third-country resident: years to citizenship: not stated → 10 years. Legal effective date not verified Source: Spanish Ministry of Inclusion
  • Residence route added: International telework visa (consular application). Legal effective date not verified Source: Spanish Ministry of Inclusion
  • Non-EU family member of Spanish citizen: years to citizenship: not stated → 10 years. Legal effective date not verified Source: Spanish Ministry of Inclusion
  • Residence route added: Permanent residence card for non-EU family of EU citizen. Legal effective date not verified Source: Spanish Ministry of Inclusion
  • Self-employed residence and work: processing time (up to): 4 months → not stated. Legal effective date not verified Source: Spanish Ministry of Inclusion
commits 2a69056d, e4c0db1e

Uzbekistan

Residence routes
commit e83c3e51

Vanuatu

Residence routes
commit 97d7cb09

Venezuela

Residence routes
commit e83c3e51

Belgium

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Belgium. Legal effective date not verified
commit 8f095f51

Brazil

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Brazil. Legal effective date not verified
commit d316685c

China

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for China. Legal effective date not verified
commit dbe63326

Colombia

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Colombia. Legal effective date not verified
commit cd699f2a

Denmark

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Denmark. Legal effective date not verified
commit a857458c

Egypt

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Egypt. Legal effective date not verified
commit 1a135e2c

Finland

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Finland. Legal effective date not verified
commit 6286fc6c

Germany

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Germany. Legal effective date not verified
commit a1e8aae5

Spain

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Spain. Legal effective date not verified
commit 2a69056d

Uzbekistan

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Uzbekistan. Legal effective date not verified
commit e83c3e51

Vanuatu

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Vanuatu. Legal effective date not verified
commit 97d7cb09

Venezuela

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Venezuela. Legal effective date not verified
commit e83c3e51

Automated source checks: 62 countries (tax rates 20, residence routes 44, citizenship 39). 159 countries with a published change, 446 changes.

Chile

Tax rates
commit a99b3baf

El Salvador

Tax rates
commit 4d022c7f

Haiti

Tax rates
  • Crypto treatment: income → unverified. Legal effective date not verified Source: Government of Haiti
  • Top rate on crypto gains: 30% → not computed. Legal effective date not verified Source: Government of Haiti
  • Top rate on long-term capital gains: not computed → 20%. Legal effective date not verified Source: Government of Haiti
  • Top rate on interest: not computed → 20%. Legal effective date not verified Source: Government of Haiti
  • Top rate on rental income: 30% → 24%. Legal effective date not verified Source: Government of Haiti
  • Tax year: 2025 → 2026. Legal effective date not verified Source: Government of Haiti
commit 8dd99fe9

Jordan

Tax rates
  • Tax basis: worldwide → territorial. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Crypto treatment: capital gains → unverified. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on crypto gains: 0% → not computed. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on long-term capital gains: 0% → 31%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on interest: 6% → 31%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Special regime no longer listed: Aqaba Special Economic Zone (ASEZA). Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Special regime added: Exempt local non-share capital gain. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Special regime added: Foreign investment from Jordanian money or deposits. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
commit 6feebb84

Kosovo

Tax rates
  • Wealth tax: not assessed → no. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
commit 86c0f462

Luxembourg

Tax rates
  • Tax year: 2025 → 2026. Legal effective date not verified Source: ACD
commit dc0e6af0

Mozambique

Tax rates
commit 1c653d06

Namibia

Tax rates
  • Wealth tax: not assessed → no. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
commit 86c0f462

Nicaragua

Tax rates
  • Wealth tax: not assessed → no. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
commit 86c0f462
  • Wealth tax: not assessed → no. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
commit 86c0f462

Paraguay

Tax rates
  • Wealth tax: not assessed → no. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
commit 86c0f462

Peru

Tax rates
commit fc1f085c

Philippines

Tax rates
  • Wealth tax: not assessed → no. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
commit 86c0f462

Puerto Rico

Tax rates
  • Wealth tax: not assessed → no. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
commit 86c0f462

Romania

Tax rates
commit e42a84d4

Rwanda

Tax rates
  • Wealth tax: not assessed → no. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Crypto treatment: capital gains → unverified. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on dividends: not computed → 15%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on long-term capital gains: not computed → 10%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on interest: not computed → 15%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on rental income: not computed → 15%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
commits 86c0f462, 3fd03c72
commit 3ec43ad3

San Marino

Tax rates
commits 0c8f2cae, c4f71617

Senegal

Tax rates
  • Wealth tax: not assessed → no. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
commit 86c0f462

Serbia

Tax rates
  • Wealth tax: not assessed → no. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
commit 86c0f462

Slovakia

Tax rates
  • Wealth tax: not assessed → no. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
commit 86c0f462

Slovenia

Tax rates
  • Wealth tax: not assessed → no. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on crypto gains: not computed → 0%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on dividends: not computed → 25%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on long-term capital gains: not computed → 20%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on short-term capital gains: not computed → 25%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on interest: not computed → 25%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on rental income: not computed → 22.5%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top tax rate on wages: not computed → 61.55%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
commits 86c0f462, d45497a8

Suriname

Tax rates
commit ecbd1bbe

Tajikistan

Tax rates
commit 24074633

Tanzania

Tax rates
  • Wealth tax: not assessed → no. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on dividends: not computed → 10%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on long-term capital gains: not computed → 10%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on interest: not computed → 10%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top tax rate on wages: not computed → 37%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
commits 86c0f462, dc83bc84

Thailand

Tax rates
commit 7c7e604d

Tunisia

Tax rates
commits 1af25d99, 3dc6eb42

Turkiye

Tax rates
commit c6ac0fb2
commit 77a9ab62

Uganda

Tax rates
  • Wealth tax: not assessed → no. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
commit 86c0f462

Uruguay

Tax rates
commit 7f1eea6c

Uzbekistan

Tax rates
commit f345a6a1

Venezuela

Tax rates
commits 9c5fe999, f294d126

Yemen

Tax rates
commit d889b7fc

Zambia

Tax rates
  • Wealth tax: not assessed → no. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
commit 86c0f462

Chile

Wealth tax
commit a99b3baf

Romania

Wealth tax
commit e42a84d4

San Marino

Wealth tax
commit 0c8f2cae

Suriname

Wealth tax
commit ecbd1bbe

Tunisia

Wealth tax
commit 1af25d99

Turkiye

Wealth tax
commit c6ac0fb2

Venezuela

Wealth tax
commit 9c5fe999

Albania

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Albania. Legal effective date not verified
commit 5f671ab7

Algeria

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Algeria. Legal effective date not verified
commit ebe405b2

Angola

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Angola. Legal effective date not verified
commit ebe405b2

Argentina

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Argentina. Legal effective date not verified
commit 9f86221c

Armenia

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Armenia. Legal effective date not verified
commit 2904469b

Australia

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Australia. Legal effective date not verified
commit b7cef67f

Austria

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Austria. Legal effective date not verified
commit e5c7561c

Azerbaijan

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Azerbaijan. Legal effective date not verified
commit 2f5c845b

Bangladesh

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Bangladesh. Legal effective date not verified
commit 535920e1

Belarus

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Belarus. Legal effective date not verified
commit 48a4507b

Belgium

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Belgium. Legal effective date not verified
commit 99802610

Belize

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Belize. Legal effective date not verified
commit ce730ce9

Bolivia

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Bolivia. Legal effective date not verified
commit 5146179a

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Bosnia and Herzegovina. Legal effective date not verified
commit 2f5c845b

Botswana

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Botswana. Legal effective date not verified
commit 359807ce

Brazil

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Brazil. Legal effective date not verified
commit 9f86221c

Brunei

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Brunei. Legal effective date not verified
commit 16dbf854

Cambodia

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Cambodia. Legal effective date not verified
commit 16dbf854

Cameroon

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Cameroon. Legal effective date not verified
commit 028967f5

Canada

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Canada. Legal effective date not verified
  • Québec Investor Program: minimum investment: $849,678 → $708,065. Legal effective date not verified Source: Gouvernement du Québec
commits e36ad9c1, a34b7e54

Chile

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Chile. Legal effective date not verified
commit 2904469b

China

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for China. Legal effective date not verified
commit 5f671ab7

Colombia

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Colombia. Legal effective date not verified
commit 9f86221c

Costa Rica

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Costa Rica. Legal effective date not verified
commit 3f30e2a4

Côte d’Ivoire

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Côte d’Ivoire. Legal effective date not verified
commit ebe405b2

Croatia

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Croatia. Legal effective date not verified
commit c33d523f

Curaçao

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Curaçao. Legal effective date not verified
commit 858e74ac

Czech Republic

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Czech Republic. Legal effective date not verified
commit bbc71527

Denmark

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Denmark. Legal effective date not verified
commit 99802610

Dominica

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Dominica. Legal effective date not verified
commit 41bc8f3d

Dominican Republic

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Dominican Republic. Legal effective date not verified
commit ce730ce9

DR Congo

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for DR Congo. Legal effective date not verified
commit 46280597

Ecuador

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Ecuador. Legal effective date not verified
commit 9f86221c

Egypt

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Egypt. Legal effective date not verified
commit 359807ce

El Salvador

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for El Salvador. Legal effective date not verified
commit 5146179a

Ethiopia

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Ethiopia. Legal effective date not verified
commit 936ee04e

Fiji

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Fiji. Legal effective date not verified
commit 15ac88a4

Finland

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Finland. Legal effective date not verified
commit 99802610

France

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for France. Legal effective date not verified
commit 99802610

Germany

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Germany. Legal effective date not verified
commit 99802610

Ghana

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Ghana. Legal effective date not verified
commit cb3f4118

Greece

Residence routes
commit fd4339f8

Guatemala

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Guatemala. Legal effective date not verified
commit ce730ce9

Guyana

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Guyana. Legal effective date not verified
commit 612ca643

Haiti

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Haiti. Legal effective date not verified
commit 028967f5

Honduras

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Honduras. Legal effective date not verified
commit ce730ce9

Hungary

Residence routes
commit 3d9671ae

Iceland

Residence routes
commits a1b2265a, 77cce322

India

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for India. Legal effective date not verified
commit 5f671ab7

Indonesia

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Indonesia. Legal effective date not verified
commit e263e2bd

Iran

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Iran. Legal effective date not verified
commit 8dea4c56

Iraq

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Iraq. Legal effective date not verified
commit 9c53e328

Jamaica

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Jamaica. Legal effective date not verified
commit 612ca643

Japan

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Japan. Legal effective date not verified
commit bea78d53

Jordan

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Jordan. Legal effective date not verified
commit 359807ce

Kazakhstan

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Kazakhstan. Legal effective date not verified
commit bea78d53

Kenya

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Kenya. Legal effective date not verified
commit cb3f4118

Kosovo

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Kosovo. Legal effective date not verified
commit 2f5c845b

Kyrgyzstan

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Kyrgyzstan. Legal effective date not verified
commit 23512dbc

Laos

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Laos. Legal effective date not verified
commit 16dbf854

Latvia

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Latvia. Legal effective date not verified
commit 3f30e2a4

Lebanon

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Lebanon. Legal effective date not verified
commit 79071b91

Libya

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Libya. Legal effective date not verified
commit 0aa19ec9

Madagascar

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Madagascar. Legal effective date not verified
commit 46280597

Malawi

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Malawi. Legal effective date not verified
commit 936ee04e

Malta

Residence routes
  • Malta Permanent Residence Programme — property lease: minimum investment: $41,362 → not stated. Legal effective date not verified Source: Residency Malta Agency
commit d1eee942

Mexico

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Mexico. Legal effective date not verified
commit bea78d53

Moldova

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Moldova. Legal effective date not verified
commit 2f5c845b

Mongolia

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Mongolia. Legal effective date not verified
commit 16dbf854

Montenegro

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Montenegro. Legal effective date not verified
commit 9f86221c

Morocco

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Morocco. Legal effective date not verified
commit 4450eefc

Mozambique

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Mozambique. Legal effective date not verified
commit 46280597

Myanmar

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Myanmar. Legal effective date not verified
commit 6754b3bd

Namibia

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Namibia. Legal effective date not verified
commit 936ee04e

Nepal

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Nepal. Legal effective date not verified
commit 535920e1

Netherlands

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Netherlands. Legal effective date not verified
commit 2904469b

Nicaragua

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Nicaragua. Legal effective date not verified
commit 48a4507b

Nigeria

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Nigeria. Legal effective date not verified
commit cb3f4118

North Macedonia

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for North Macedonia. Legal effective date not verified
commit 23512dbc

Norway

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Norway. Legal effective date not verified
commit a1b2265a

Pakistan

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Pakistan. Legal effective date not verified
commit 535920e1

Palestine

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Palestine. Legal effective date not verified
commit 51265995

Papua New Guinea

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Papua New Guinea. Legal effective date not verified
commit 8330a7a6

Paraguay

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Paraguay. Legal effective date not verified
commit 9f86221c

Peru

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Peru. Legal effective date not verified
commit d85bfaca

Philippines

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Philippines. Legal effective date not verified
commit 4450eefc

Romania

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Romania. Legal effective date not verified
commit 3f30e2a4

Russia

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Russia. Legal effective date not verified
commit 858e74ac

Rwanda

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Rwanda. Legal effective date not verified
commit d85bfaca
  • Now covered: residence data for Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. Legal effective date not verified
commit 54aa5d1f

Samoa

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Samoa. Legal effective date not verified
commit 15ac88a4

San Marino

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for San Marino. Legal effective date not verified
commit 79071b91

Saudi Arabia

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Saudi Arabia. Legal effective date not verified
commit 0584145e

Senegal

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Senegal. Legal effective date not verified
commit 8330a7a6

Serbia

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Serbia. Legal effective date not verified
commit 5f671ab7

Slovakia

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Slovakia. Legal effective date not verified
commit 99802610

Slovenia

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Slovenia. Legal effective date not verified
commit 99802610

South Africa

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for South Africa. Legal effective date not verified
commit cb3f4118

South Korea

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for South Korea. Legal effective date not verified
commit 5f671ab7

Spain

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Spain. Legal effective date not verified
  • Residence route added: EU citizen residence right (Directive 2004/38/EC). Legal effective date not verified Source: European Union, EUR-Lex
  • Residence route no longer listed: EU, EEA or Swiss citizen free movement. Legal effective date not verified
  • Residence route no longer listed: Employer-sponsored residence and work. Legal effective date not verified
  • Residence route no longer listed: Family reunification with third-country resident. Legal effective date not verified
  • Residence route no longer listed: Highly qualified professional or EU Blue Card. Legal effective date not verified
  • Residence route no longer listed: Innovative entrepreneur residence. Legal effective date not verified
  • Residence route no longer listed: International telework residence (digital nomad). Legal effective date not verified
  • Residence route no longer listed: National long-term residence after five years. Legal effective date not verified
  • Residence route no longer listed: Non-EU family member of EU citizen. Legal effective date not verified
  • Residence route no longer listed: Non-EU family member of Spanish citizen. Legal effective date not verified
  • Residence route no longer listed: Non-lucrative residence (retirement or passive means). Legal effective date not verified
  • Residence route no longer listed: Self-employed residence and work. Legal effective date not verified
  • Residence route added: International teleworker residence authorization (in Spain). Legal effective date not verified Source: Spanish Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migration
commits 1e6ae194, 99802610, 0edc5c80

Sri Lanka

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Sri Lanka. Legal effective date not verified
commit 535920e1

Suriname

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Suriname. Legal effective date not verified
commit 5146179a

Sweden

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Sweden. Legal effective date not verified
commit 99802610

Tajikistan

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Tajikistan. Legal effective date not verified
commit 9c53e328

Tanzania

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Tanzania. Legal effective date not verified
commit d85bfaca

Trinidad and Tobago

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Trinidad and Tobago. Legal effective date not verified
commit 612ca643

Tunisia

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Tunisia. Legal effective date not verified
commit 8330a7a6

Turkiye

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Turkiye. Legal effective date not verified
commit 4450eefc

Turkmenistan

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Turkmenistan. Legal effective date not verified
commit 6754b3bd

Turks and Caicos Islands

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Turks and Caicos Islands. Legal effective date not verified
commit 612ca643

Uganda

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Uganda. Legal effective date not verified
commit d85bfaca

Ukraine

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Ukraine. Legal effective date not verified
commit 79071b91

United Kingdom

Residence routes
  • Residence route added: Common Travel Area — Irish citizen. Legal effective date not verified Source: UK Home Office
  • Residence route added: Family visa — other qualifying partner. Legal effective date not verified Source: UK Visas and Immigration
  • Residence route added: Family visa — spouse or civil partner of British citizen. Legal effective date not verified Source: UK Visas and Immigration
  • Residence route added: Health and Care Worker visa. Legal effective date not verified Source: UK Visas and Immigration
  • Residence route added: Hong Kong British National (Overseas) visa. Legal effective date not verified Source: UK Visas and Immigration
  • Residence route added: Indefinite leave to remain — ten-year long residence. Legal effective date not verified Source: UK Visas and Immigration
  • Residence route added: International Sportsperson visa. Legal effective date not verified Source: UK Visas and Immigration
  • Residence route added: Minister of Religion visa (T2). Legal effective date not verified Source: UK Visas and Immigration
  • Residence route added: Right of abode — qualifying Commonwealth citizen. Legal effective date not verified Source: UK Visas and Immigration
  • Residence route added: Scale-up Worker visa. Legal effective date not verified Source: UK Visas and Immigration
  • Residence route added: UK Ancestry visa. Legal effective date not verified Source: UK Visas and Immigration
commit 5a7211da

Uzbekistan

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Uzbekistan. Legal effective date not verified
commit 23512dbc

Vanuatu

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Vanuatu. Legal effective date not verified
commit 15ac88a4

Venezuela

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Venezuela. Legal effective date not verified
commit 7dbe6d63

Vietnam

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Vietnam. Legal effective date not verified
commit 1fb4d460

Yemen

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Yemen. Legal effective date not verified
commit 51265995

Zambia

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Zambia. Legal effective date not verified
commit 359807ce

Zimbabwe

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Zimbabwe. Legal effective date not verified
commit 936ee04e

Armenia

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Armenia. Legal effective date not verified
commit 2904469b

Australia

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Australia. Legal effective date not verified
commit b7cef67f

Austria

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Austria. Legal effective date not verified
commit e5c7561c

Canada

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Canada. Legal effective date not verified
commit e36ad9c1

Chile

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Chile. Legal effective date not verified
commit 2904469b

Costa Rica

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Costa Rica. Legal effective date not verified
commit 3f30e2a4

Croatia

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Croatia. Legal effective date not verified
commit c33d523f

Czech Republic

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Czech Republic. Legal effective date not verified
commit bbc71527

Dominica

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Dominica. Legal effective date not verified
commit 41bc8f3d

Iceland

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Iceland. Legal effective date not verified
commit 77cce322

Indonesia

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Indonesia. Legal effective date not verified
commit e263e2bd

Japan

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Japan. Legal effective date not verified
commit bea78d53

Kazakhstan

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Kazakhstan. Legal effective date not verified
commit bea78d53

Latvia

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Latvia. Legal effective date not verified
commit 3f30e2a4

Mexico

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Mexico. Legal effective date not verified
commit bea78d53

Morocco

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Morocco. Legal effective date not verified
commit 4450eefc

Netherlands

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Netherlands. Legal effective date not verified
commit 2904469b

Philippines

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Philippines. Legal effective date not verified
commit 4450eefc

Romania

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Romania. Legal effective date not verified
commit 3f30e2a4

Saudi Arabia

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Saudi Arabia. Legal effective date not verified
commit 0584145e

Spain

Citizenship
  • No longer covered: citizenship data for Spain. Legal effective date not verified
commit 99802610

Turkiye

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Turkiye. Legal effective date not verified
  • Physical presence requirement: not stated → Five years of qualifying residence for ordinary naturalization; up to twelve months abroad during that period are permitted. Legal effective date not verified Source: Turkish General Directorate of Civil Registration and Citizenship
commits 4450eefc, 6433c64c

Vietnam

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Vietnam. Legal effective date not verified
commit 1fb4d460

AD

Cost of living
  • No longer covered: cost of living data for AD. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

AE

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 65 → 69.79. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

AG

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for AG. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

AL

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 30 → 54.28. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

AM

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 25 → 40.96. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

AO

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for AO. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

AR

Cost of living
  • No longer covered: cost of living data for AR. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

AT

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 67 → 84.79. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

AU

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 78 → 94.79. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

AZ

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for AZ. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

BA

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for BA. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

BD

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for BD. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

BE

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 68 → 87.21. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

BG

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 32 → 46.74. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

BH

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 45 → 48.79. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

BM

Cost of living
  • No longer covered: cost of living data for BM. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

BN

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for BN. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

BO

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for BO. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

BR

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 30 → 46.2. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

BS

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 85 → 108.96. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

BW

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for BW. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

BY

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for BY. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

BZ

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 42 → 54.38. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

CA

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 70 → 90.16. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

CH

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 120 → 128.17. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

CI

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for CI. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

CL

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 37 → 51.18. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

CM

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for CM. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

CN

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 45 → 48.12. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

CO

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 26 → 41.09. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

CR

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 38 → 62.47. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

CY

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 50 → 66.92. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

CZ

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 45 → 66.99. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

DE

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 72 → 81.23. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

DK

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 82 → 104.53. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

DM

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for DM. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

DO

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for DO. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

DZ

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for DZ. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

EC

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 28 → 44.15. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

EE

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 44 → 75.91. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

EG

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for EG. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

ES

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 52 → 68.69. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

ET

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for ET. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

FI

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 72 → 90.63. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

FJ

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for FJ. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

FR

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 78 → 82.77. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

GB

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 82 → 92.37. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

GD

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for GD. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

GE

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 28 → 39.66. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

GH

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for GH. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

GI

Cost of living
  • No longer covered: cost of living data for GI. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

GR

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 46 → 65.55. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

GT

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for GT. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

GY

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for GY. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

HK

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 78 → 73.97. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

HN

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for HN. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

HR

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 42 → 58.85. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

HT

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for HT. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

HU

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 40 → 57.92. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

ID

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 27 → 30.74. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

IE

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 75 → 102.15. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

IL

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 72 → 105.91. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

IN

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for IN. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

IQ

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for IQ. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

IR

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for IR. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

IS

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 85 → 129.71. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

IT

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 70 → 72.86. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

JM

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 38 → 61.75. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

JO

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for JO. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

JP

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 58 → 69.05. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

KE

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for KE. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

KG

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for KG. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

KH

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for KH. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

KN

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for KN. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

KR

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 60 → 61.87. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

KW

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 48 → 59.78. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

KY

Cost of living
  • No longer covered: cost of living data for KY. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

KZ

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for KZ. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

LA

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for LA. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

LB

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for LB. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

LC

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for LC. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

LI

Cost of living
  • No longer covered: cost of living data for LI. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

LK

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for LK. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

LT

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 40 → 62.11. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

LU

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 78 → 98.65. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

LV

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 40 → 62.39. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

LY

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for LY. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

MA

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 28 → 42.35. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

MC

Cost of living
  • No longer covered: cost of living data for MC. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

MD

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for MD. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

ME

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 34 → 49.48. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

MG

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for MG. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

MK

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for MK. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

MN

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for MN. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

MT

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 55 → 68.97. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

MU

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 35 → 43.71. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

MW

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for MW. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

MX

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 32 → 58.79. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

MY

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 30 → 33.39. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

MZ

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for MZ. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

NA

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for NA. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

NG

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for NG. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

NI

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for NI. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

NL

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 73 → 86.71. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

NO

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 88 → 96.21. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

NP

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for NP. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

NZ

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 70 → 89.77. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

OM

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 40 → 47.3. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

PA

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 40 → 49.67. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

PE

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 28 → 54.02. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

PG

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for PG. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

PH

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 25 → 35.71. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

PK

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for PK. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

PL

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 42 → 54.86. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

PR

Cost of living
  • No longer covered: cost of living data for PR. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

PS

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for PS. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

PT

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 48 → 64.94. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

PY

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for PY. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

QA

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 55 → 75.7. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

RO

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 35 → 48.78. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

RS

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 33 → 50.91. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

RU

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for RU. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

RW

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for RW. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

SA

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 42 → 49.89. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

SE

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 72 → 90.51. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

SG

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 81 → 78.31. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

SI

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 48 → 66.99. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

SK

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 43 → 63.93. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

SM

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 65 → 83.16. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

SN

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for SN. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

SR

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for SR. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

SV

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for SV. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

TH

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 35 → 32.25. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

TJ

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for TJ. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

TN

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for TN. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

TR

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 28 → 44.97. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

TT

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for TT. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

TW

Cost of living
  • No longer covered: cost of living data for TW. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

TZ

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for TZ. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

UA

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for UA. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

UG

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for UG. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

UY

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 40 → 72.48. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

UZ

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for UZ. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

VC

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for VC. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

VG

Cost of living
  • No longer covered: cost of living data for VG. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

VN

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 28 → 28.86. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

VU

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for VU. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

WS

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for WS. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

ZA

Cost of living
  • Cost-of-living index (New York = 100): 30 → 43.27. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

ZM

Cost of living
  • Now covered: cost of living data for ZM. Legal effective date not verified
commit a6e569f2

Automated source checks: 50 countries (tax rates 15, residence routes 36, citizenship 39). 47 countries with a published change, 228 changes.

Argentina

Tax rates
  • Top rate on rental income: not computed → 35%. Legal effective date not verified Source: ARCA
  • Provincia de Buenos Aires: top rate on rental income: not computed → 35%. Legal effective date not verified Source: ARCA
  • Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires: top rate on rental income: not computed → 35%. Legal effective date not verified Source: ARCA
commit a7d4b5e0

Armenia

Tax rates
  • Top rate on interest: 10% → 20%. Legal effective date not verified Source: ARLIS
  • Holding period for long-term gains: 24 months → no holding-period line. Legal effective date not verified Source: ARLIS
  • Top rate on short-term capital gains: 20% → not shown. Legal effective date not verified Source: ARLIS
  • Special regime added: Developer property sold to tax agent. Legal effective date not verified Source: ARLIS
  • Special regime added: Non-entrepreneurial property sold to individual. Legal effective date not verified Source: ARLIS
  • Special regime added: Qualifying deposit or regulated debt interest. Legal effective date not verified Source: ARLIS
commits a7d4b5e0, 9d061c6a

Australia

Tax rates
commit 9d061c6a

Barbados

Tax rates
commit 3d3cc4c5

Bolivia

Tax rates
commit f2a83f29

Brunei

Tax rates
commit 6af69b65

Cameroon

Tax rates
commit ac60fed5

China

Tax rates
commit 58fc8d90

Guernsey

Tax rates
commit 8824d632

Andorra

Residence routes
commits 0a3cf690, 80f8dfb5

Antigua and Barbuda

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Antigua and Barbuda. Legal effective date not verified
commit eb9bb36e

Bahamas

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Bahamas. Legal effective date not verified
commit 463cbded

Bahrain

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Bahrain. Legal effective date not verified
commit 6e7d11e9

Barbados

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Barbados. Legal effective date not verified
commit c821121e

Bulgaria

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Bulgaria. Legal effective date not verified
commit 004bba6a

Cyprus

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Cyprus. Legal effective date not verified
commit 1be71e4a

Estonia

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Estonia. Legal effective date not verified
commit 8e0eb7e4

Georgia

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Georgia. Legal effective date not verified
commit af82cad3

Greece

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Greece. Legal effective date not verified
commit 458362a9

Grenada

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Grenada. Legal effective date not verified
commit 01c3bc13

Hong Kong

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Hong Kong. Legal effective date not verified
commit 37cd8834

Hungary

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Hungary. Legal effective date not verified
commit 458362a9

Ireland

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Ireland. Legal effective date not verified
commit d6ce17b6

Isle of Man

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Isle of Man. Legal effective date not verified
commit 37cd8834

Israel

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Israel. Legal effective date not verified
commit ff102fb1

Italy

Residence routes
  • Residence route no longer listed: Digital Nomad Visa (2024+, non-EU). Legal effective date not verified
  • Residence route added: Digital Nomad and Remote Worker Visa. Legal effective date not verified Source: Italian Embassy in Singapore
  • Residence route added: EEA Free Movement. Legal effective date not verified Source: Council of the European Union
  • Residence route added: Elective Residence Visa. Legal effective date not verified Source: Italian Consulate General in Los Angeles
  • Residence route no longer listed: Elective Residency Visa (non-EU). Legal effective date not verified
  • Residence route added: Family Reunification with Italian or EU Citizen. Legal effective date not verified Source: Italian Embassy in Sofia
  • Residence route added: Family Reunification with Non-EU Resident. Legal effective date not verified Source: Italian Consulate General in Frankfurt
  • Residence route no longer listed: Investor Visa (Visto Investitori). Legal effective date not verified
  • Residence route added: Investor Visa for Italy. Legal effective date not verified Source: Invest in Italy
  • Residence route added: Italia Startup Visa. Legal effective date not verified Source: Invest in Italy
  • Residence route added: Salaried Employment National Visa. Legal effective date not verified Source: Italian Consulate General in Frankfurt
  • Residence route added: Swiss Free Movement. Legal effective date not verified Source: European Commission
  • Residence route added: University Study National Visa. Legal effective date not verified Source: Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs
  • Residence route added: Corporate Officer Self-Employment Work Permit. Legal effective date not verified Source: Invest in Italy
  • Residence route added: EU Blue Card. Legal effective date not verified Source: Invest in Italy
  • Residence route added: EU Long-Term Resident Permit. Legal effective date not verified Source: Italian Government Integration Portal
  • Residence route added: EU Permanent Residence Certificate. Legal effective date not verified Source: European Commission EURES
  • Residence route added: Entrepreneur Self-Employment Work Permit. Legal effective date not verified Source: Invest in Italy
commits 43e66bd5, ec013afa

Kuwait

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Kuwait. Legal effective date not verified
commit fe820b80

Liechtenstein

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Liechtenstein. Legal effective date not verified
commit 37cd8834

Lithuania

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Lithuania. Legal effective date not verified
commit 2fc4121f

Luxembourg

Residence routes
  • Residence route added: EU Blue Card (highly qualified worker). Legal effective date not verified Source: Guichet.lu
  • Residence route no longer listed: EU Free Movement. Legal effective date not verified
  • Residence route added: EU/EEA/Swiss Free Movement. Legal effective date not verified Source: Guichet.lu
  • Residence route added: Residence Permit for Private Reasons (non-EU). Legal effective date not verified Source: Guichet.lu
  • Residence route added: Investor Residence Permit — Bank Deposit (non-EU). Legal effective date not verified Source: Guichet.lu
  • Residence route added: Investor Residence Permit — Business (non-EU). Legal effective date not verified Source: Guichet.lu
  • Residence route added: Investor Residence Permit — Investment Structure (non-EU). Legal effective date not verified Source: Guichet.lu
  • Residence route added: Long-Term Resident Status (non-EU). Legal effective date not verified Source: Guichet.lu
  • Residence route added: Permanent Residence Permit (EU/EEA/Swiss). Legal effective date not verified Source: Guichet.lu
commits 84cbfdd9, ff51fbd8

Malaysia

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Malaysia. Legal effective date not verified
commit 28af4699

Malta

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Malta. Legal effective date not verified
commit 6e7d11e9

Mauritius

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Mauritius. Legal effective date not verified
commit 463cbded

Monaco

Residence routes
  • Residence route added: Ordinary Residence Permit (carte de séjour ordinaire). Legal effective date not verified Source: Prince's Government of Monaco
  • Residence route added: Privilege Residence Permit (carte de séjour privilégié). Legal effective date not verified Source: Prince's Government of Monaco
  • Residence route no longer listed: Residency Permit (EU/EEA fast-track). Legal effective date not verified
  • Residence route no longer listed: Residency Permit (wealth-based). Legal effective date not verified
  • Residence route added: Spouse of a Monegasque National Residence Permit. Legal effective date not verified Source: Prince's Government of Monaco
  • Residence route added: Temporary Residence Permit (carte de séjour temporaire). Legal effective date not verified Source: Prince's Government of Monaco
commit 1fe17919

New Zealand

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for New Zealand. Legal effective date not verified
commit ff102fb1

Oman

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Oman. Legal effective date not verified
commit fc810421

Panama

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Panama. Legal effective date not verified
commit f90b6121

Poland

Residence routes
  • Residence route no longer listed: Business / Company Establishment (non-EU). Legal effective date not verified
  • Residence route added: EU Blue Card (highly qualified employment). Legal effective date not verified Source: Polish Office for Foreigners (MOS)
  • Residence route added: Long-term EU Resident Permit (non-EU). Legal effective date not verified Source: Polish Office for Foreigners
  • Residence route no longer listed: Poland Business Harbour (IT professionals). Legal effective date not verified
  • Residence route added: Temporary Residence for Business Activity (non-EU). Legal effective date not verified Source: Polish Office for Foreigners (MOS)
  • Residence route added: Temporary Residence for Family Reunification (non-EU). Legal effective date not verified Source: Polish Office for Foreigners (MOS)
  • Residence route added: Temporary Residence for Full-Time Studies (non-EU). Legal effective date not verified Source: Polish Office for Foreigners (MOS)
  • Residence route added: EU Permanent Residence Right. Legal effective date not verified Source: Polish Ministry of the Interior and Administration
  • Residence route added: Permanent Residence Permit (Pole's Card, non-EU). Legal effective date not verified Source: Lublin Voivodeship Office
  • Residence route added: Permanent Residence Permit (Polish origin, non-EU). Legal effective date not verified Source: Lublin Voivodeship Office
  • Residence route added: Permanent Residence Permit (spouse of Polish citizen, non-EU). Legal effective date not verified Source: Lublin Voivodeship Office
  • Residence route added: Temporary Residence (spouse of Polish citizen, non-EU). Legal effective date not verified Source: Polish Office for Foreigners (MOS)
commits 13bbf378, d6f3d216

Puerto Rico

Residence routes
  • Residence route no longer listed: Act 60 Individual Investor (US citizens). Legal effective date not verified
  • Residence route added: US EB-5 Immigrant Investor (including Puerto Rico). Legal effective date not verified Source: US Citizenship and Immigration Services
  • Residence route no longer listed: US Territory (no visa for US citizens). Legal effective date not verified
  • Residence route added: US citizen relocation to Puerto Rico. Legal effective date not verified Source: US Department of State
  • Residence route added: US lawful permanent resident relocation to Puerto Rico. Legal effective date not verified Source: US Citizenship and Immigration Services
  • Residence route added: US E-1 Treaty Trader (including Puerto Rico). Legal effective date not verified Source: US Department of State
  • Residence route added: US E-2 Treaty Investor (including Puerto Rico). Legal effective date not verified Source: US Department of State
  • Residence route added: US EB-1A Extraordinary Ability (self petition). Legal effective date not verified Source: US Department of State
  • Residence route added: US EB-1C Multinational Manager or Executive. Legal effective date not verified Source: US Department of State
  • Residence route added: US EB-2 Employer-Sponsored Professional or Exceptional Ability. Legal effective date not verified Source: US Department of State
  • Residence route added: US EB-2 National Interest Waiver (self petition). Legal effective date not verified Source: US Department of State
  • Residence route added: US EB-3 Employer-Sponsored Worker. Legal effective date not verified Source: US Department of State
  • Residence route added: US Family-Sponsored Immigrant Visa. Legal effective date not verified Source: US Department of State
  • Residence route added: US H-1B Specialty Occupation. Legal effective date not verified Source: US Department of State
  • Residence route added: US L-1 Intracompany Transfer. Legal effective date not verified Source: US Department of State
  • Residence route added: US O-1 Extraordinary Ability or Achievement. Legal effective date not verified Source: US Department of State
commits d67eced0, c17efa20

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Saint Kitts and Nevis. Legal effective date not verified
commit 6e7d11e9

Saint Lucia

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Saint Lucia. Legal effective date not verified
commit 7a46a0f7

Singapore

Residence routes
commits 566d71b3, 780b8b88

Switzerland

Residence routes
  • Residence route no longer listed: B Permit (Non-EU, quota-limited). Legal effective date not verified
  • Residence route added: B Permit (Non-EU/EFTA Employment). Legal effective date not verified Source: State Secretariat for Migration
  • Residence route added: B Permit (Non-EU/EFTA Self-Employment). Legal effective date not verified Source: State Secretariat for Migration
  • Residence route added: B Permit with Lump-Sum Taxation. Legal effective date not verified Source: State Secretariat for Migration
  • Residence route no longer listed: Entrepreneur/Investor Permit. Legal effective date not verified
  • Residence route no longer listed: Lump-Sum Taxation (Forfait Fiscal). Legal effective date not verified
  • B Permit (Non-EU/EFTA Employment): processing time (up to): not stated → 2 months. Legal effective date not verified Source: State Secretariat for Migration
  • Residence route added: B Permit (Non-EU/EFTA Retirement). Legal effective date not verified Source: State Secretariat for Migration
  • Residence route added: C Permit (Permanent Settlement). Legal effective date not verified Source: State Secretariat for Migration
commits 97c5dd1d, cea0d03d

Taiwan

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Taiwan. Legal effective date not verified
commit ff102fb1

United Arab Emirates

Residence routes
commits dc59f9f8, 93d4b02a

United Kingdom

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for United Kingdom. Legal effective date not verified
commit 458362a9

United States

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for United States. Legal effective date not verified
commit 0bd9acf0

Uruguay

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Uruguay. Legal effective date not verified
commit 463cbded

Andorra

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Andorra. Legal effective date not verified
commit 0a3cf690
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Antigua and Barbuda. Legal effective date not verified
commit eb9bb36e

Bahamas

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Bahamas. Legal effective date not verified
commit 463cbded

Bahrain

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Bahrain. Legal effective date not verified
commit 6e7d11e9

Barbados

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Barbados. Legal effective date not verified
commit c821121e

Bulgaria

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Bulgaria. Legal effective date not verified
commit 004bba6a

Cyprus

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Cyprus. Legal effective date not verified
commit 1be71e4a

Estonia

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Estonia. Legal effective date not verified
commit 8e0eb7e4

Georgia

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Georgia. Legal effective date not verified
commit af82cad3

Greece

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Greece. Legal effective date not verified
commit 458362a9

Grenada

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Grenada. Legal effective date not verified
commit 01c3bc13

Hong Kong

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Hong Kong. Legal effective date not verified
commit 37cd8834

Hungary

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Hungary. Legal effective date not verified
commit 458362a9

Ireland

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Ireland. Legal effective date not verified
commit d6ce17b6

Isle of Man

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Isle of Man. Legal effective date not verified
commit 37cd8834

Israel

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Israel. Legal effective date not verified
commit ff102fb1

Italy

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Italy. Legal effective date not verified
commit 43e66bd5

Kuwait

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Kuwait. Legal effective date not verified
commit fe820b80

Liechtenstein

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Liechtenstein. Legal effective date not verified
commit 37cd8834

Lithuania

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Lithuania. Legal effective date not verified
commit 2fc4121f

Luxembourg

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Luxembourg. Legal effective date not verified
commit 84cbfdd9

Malaysia

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Malaysia. Legal effective date not verified
commit 28af4699

Malta

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Malta. Legal effective date not verified
commit 6e7d11e9

Mauritius

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Mauritius. Legal effective date not verified
commit 463cbded

Monaco

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Monaco. Legal effective date not verified
commit 1fe17919

New Zealand

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for New Zealand. Legal effective date not verified
commit ff102fb1

Oman

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Oman. Legal effective date not verified
commit fc810421

Panama

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Panama. Legal effective date not verified
commit f90b6121

Poland

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Poland. Legal effective date not verified
commit 13bbf378

Puerto Rico

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Puerto Rico. Legal effective date not verified
commit d67eced0
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Saint Kitts and Nevis. Legal effective date not verified
commit 6e7d11e9

Saint Lucia

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Saint Lucia. Legal effective date not verified
commit 7a46a0f7

Singapore

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Singapore. Legal effective date not verified
commit 566d71b3

Switzerland

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Switzerland. Legal effective date not verified
commit 97c5dd1d

Taiwan

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Taiwan. Legal effective date not verified
commit ff102fb1
  • Now covered: citizenship data for United Arab Emirates. Legal effective date not verified
commit dc59f9f8

United Kingdom

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for United Kingdom. Legal effective date not verified
commit 458362a9

United States

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for United States. Legal effective date not verified
commit 0bd9acf0

Uruguay

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Uruguay. Legal effective date not verified
commit 463cbded

Automated source checks: 18 countries (tax rates 12, residence routes 6, citizenship 6). 12 countries with a published change, 28 changes.

Algeria

Tax rates
commit c699105b

Panama

Tax rates
commit 8be3f1e0

Peru

Tax rates
commit 8be3f1e0

Uganda

Tax rates
commit dd6d9260

Ukraine

Tax rates
commit dd6d9260

Uruguay

Tax rates
commit dd6d9260

Bermuda

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Bermuda. Legal effective date not verified
commit da5bacf3

British Virgin Islands

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for British Virgin Islands. Legal effective date not verified
commit 09879a35

Cayman Islands

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Cayman Islands. Legal effective date not verified
commit da5bacf3

Gibraltar

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Gibraltar. Legal effective date not verified
commit da5bacf3

Portugal

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Portugal. Legal effective date not verified
commit 09879a35

Qatar

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Qatar. Legal effective date not verified
commit 09879a35

Bermuda

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Bermuda. Legal effective date not verified
commit da5bacf3
  • Now covered: citizenship data for British Virgin Islands. Legal effective date not verified
commit 09879a35

Cayman Islands

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Cayman Islands. Legal effective date not verified
commit da5bacf3

Gibraltar

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Gibraltar. Legal effective date not verified
commit da5bacf3

Portugal

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Portugal. Legal effective date not verified
commit 09879a35

Qatar

Citizenship
  • Now covered: citizenship data for Qatar. Legal effective date not verified
commit 09879a35

Automated source checks: 33 countries (tax rates 32, residence routes 3, citizenship 3). 20 countries with a published change, 67 changes.

Cambodia

Tax rates
  • Top rate on dividends: 14% → 0%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on interest: 6% → 15%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Tax year: 2025 → 2026. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
commit 9c745424

Ecuador

Tax rates
  • Special regime added: Residencia fiscal temporal (five-year source regime). Legal effective date not verified Source: Servicio de Rentas Internas
commit 0101be9c

Egypt

Tax rates
commit 0101be9c

Iceland

Tax rates
commit d79376c5

India

Tax rates
commit 83fd939e

Iraq

Tax rates
commit 83fd939e

Isle of Man

Tax rates
commit 83fd939e

Italy

Tax rates
commit d79376c5

Jersey

Tax rates
commit d79376c5

Kazakhstan

Tax rates
commit fd6034be

Kyrgyzstan

Tax rates
commit 9c745424

Laos

Tax rates
  • Crypto treatment: capital gains → unverified. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on crypto gains: 2% → not computed. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top rate on rental income: not computed → 10%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Top tax rate on wages: not computed → 25%. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
  • Tax year: 2025 → 2026. Legal effective date not verified Source: PwC
commit fd6034be

Lebanon

Tax rates
commit 9536846c

Madagascar

Tax rates
commit 3aea3f1b

Mongolia

Tax rates
commit 3aea3f1b

Myanmar

Tax rates
  • Top rate on rental income: not computed → 10%. Legal effective date not verified Source: Government of Myanmar
  • Top tax rate on wages: not computed → 25%. Legal effective date not verified Source: Government of Myanmar
commit 3aea3f1b
commit 3aea3f1b

Saint Lucia

Tax rates
commit 9536846c

Guernsey

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Guernsey. Legal effective date not verified
commit e051a0e5

Jersey

Residence routes
  • Now covered: residence data for Jersey. Legal effective date not verified
commit e051a0e5

Thailand

Residence routes
commits e051a0e5, e9e70250

2 countries with a published change, 28 changes.

Spain

Tax rates
  • Regional rates (11 regions) added: Aragón, Canarias, Cantabria, Castilla y León, Castilla-La Mancha, Extremadura and 5 more. Legal effective date not verified Source: BOE: Madrid DL 1/2010 arts 1–2
commit e0eebcce

Switzerland

Tax rates
commit bc4a0b89

Switzerland

Wealth tax
commit bc4a0b89