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United Kingdom residence and citizenship

No residence route by investment with a stated minimum is on file for the United Kingdom. The sources on file state no general number of years for naturalisation in the United Kingdom.

Last updated: 10 November 2026

Checked — Sources last checked 10 November 2026 by the automated residence and citizenship review.

Residence routes in the United Kingdom

Investment, own-income, remote-work and permanent routes. Scroll across the table to see every column.

RouteKindMinimumProcessingTo citizenship
Innovator Founder visaInvestor———
EU Settlement Scheme — conversion to settled statusPermanent residence———
Indefinite leave to remain — ten-year long residencePermanent residence———
Right of abode — qualifying Commonwealth citizenPermanent residence———

"Minimum" is a cited investment threshold in its stated currency. A USD figure appears only when a supported conversion is on file; "—" means no supported amount is on file, not that it is free. "To citizenship" counts the years of residence before a naturalisation application. A zero-year entry states no residence wait; citizenship still needs a separate decision.

Work, family, study and other routes (11)
RouteKindMinimumProcessingTo citizenship
UK Ancestry visaResidence permit———
Hong Kong British National (Overseas) visaResidence permit———
Skilled Worker visaWork———
Global Talent visaWork———
Scale-up Worker visaWork———
Health and Care Worker visaWork———
International Sportsperson visaWork———
Minister of Religion visa (T2)Work———
Family visa — spouse or civil partner of British citizenFamily———
Family visa — other qualifying partnerFamily———
Common Travel Area — Irish citizenEU / EEA free movement———
Each route's conditions and sources

Innovator Founder visa

Some route amounts or time figures still need field-level evidence.

Sources: Innovator Founder visa (UK Home Office), Innovator Founder settlement (UK Home Office), Form AN naturalization guidance (UK Home Office), Investor, business development and talent visa service standards (UK Home Office), Innovator Founder visa fees (UK Visas and Immigration), ECB reference rates, 3 November 2026 (European Central Bank), UK Innovator Founder route (Henley & Partners, summary)

EU Settlement Scheme — conversion to settled status

Only for EU citizens, EEA citizens, Swiss citizens.

Some route amounts or time figures still need field-level evidence.

Sources: Convert pre-settled status to settled status (UK Home Office), Form AN naturalization guidance (UK Home Office)

Indefinite leave to remain — ten-year long residence

Some route amounts or time figures still need field-level evidence.

Sources: Ten-year long residence settlement (UK Visas and Immigration), Form AN naturalization guidance (UK Home Office), ECB reference rates, 3 November 2026 (European Central Bank)

Right of abode — qualifying Commonwealth citizen

Some route amounts or time figures still need field-level evidence.

Sources: Right of abode overview (UK Visas and Immigration), Commonwealth right of abode eligibility (UK Visas and Immigration), Commonwealth member countries (Commonwealth Secretariat), Form AN naturalization guidance (UK Home Office)

UK Ancestry visa

Some route amounts or time figures still need field-level evidence.

Sources: UK Ancestry visa (UK Visas and Immigration), UK Ancestry visa eligible nationalities (UK Visas and Immigration), Commonwealth member countries (Commonwealth Secretariat), Form AN naturalization guidance (UK Home Office), ECB reference rates, 3 November 2026 (European Central Bank)

Hong Kong British National (Overseas) visa

Some route amounts or time figures still need field-level evidence.

Sources: British National (Overseas) visa (UK Visas and Immigration), British National (Overseas) visa fees (UK Visas and Immigration), BNO visa outside-UK decision time (UK Visas and Immigration), Form AN naturalization guidance (UK Home Office), ECB reference rates, 3 November 2026 (European Central Bank)

Skilled Worker visa

Some route amounts or time figures still need field-level evidence.

Sources: Skilled Worker visa (UK Home Office), Skilled Worker settlement rules (UK Home Office), Form AN naturalization guidance (UK Home Office), Long-term work visa service standards (UK Home Office), Skilled Worker visa application fees (UK Visas and Immigration), ECB reference rates, 3 November 2026 (European Central Bank)

Global Talent visa

Some route amounts or time figures still need field-level evidence.

Sources: Global Talent visa (UK Home Office), Global Talent settlement (UK Home Office), Investor, business development and talent visa service standards (UK Home Office), Form AN naturalization guidance (UK Home Office), Global Talent visa fees (UK Visas and Immigration), ECB reference rates, 3 November 2026 (European Central Bank)

Scale-up Worker visa

Some route amounts or time figures still need field-level evidence.

Sources: Scale-up Worker visa (UK Visas and Immigration), Long-term work visa service standards (UK Home Office), Form AN naturalization guidance (UK Home Office), ECB reference rates, 3 November 2026 (European Central Bank)

Health and Care Worker visa

Some route amounts or time figures still need field-level evidence.

Sources: Health and Care Worker visa (UK Visas and Immigration), Health and Care Worker visa application fees (UK Visas and Immigration), Long-term work visa service standards (UK Home Office), Form AN naturalization guidance (UK Home Office), ECB reference rates, 3 November 2026 (European Central Bank)

International Sportsperson visa

Some route amounts or time figures still need field-level evidence.

Sources: International Sportsperson visa (UK Visas and Immigration), Long-term work visa service standards (UK Home Office), Form AN naturalization guidance (UK Home Office), ECB reference rates, 3 November 2026 (European Central Bank)

Minister of Religion visa (T2)

Some route amounts or time figures still need field-level evidence.

Sources: Minister of Religion visa (T2) (UK Visas and Immigration), Long-term work visa service standards (UK Home Office), Form AN naturalization guidance (UK Home Office), ECB reference rates, 3 November 2026 (European Central Bank)

Family visa — spouse or civil partner of British citizen

Some route amounts or time figures still need field-level evidence.

Sources: Family visa for partner or spouse (UK Visas and Immigration), Family visa fees (UK Visas and Immigration), Form AN naturalization guidance (UK Home Office), ECB reference rates, 3 November 2026 (European Central Bank)

Family visa — other qualifying partner

Some route amounts or time figures still need field-level evidence.

Sources: Family visa for partner or spouse (UK Visas and Immigration), Family visa fees (UK Visas and Immigration), Form AN naturalization guidance (UK Home Office), ECB reference rates, 3 November 2026 (European Central Bank)

Common Travel Area — Irish citizen

Some route amounts or time figures still need field-level evidence.

Sources: Common Travel Area guidance (UK Home Office), British citizenship for Irish citizens (UK Visas and Immigration)

Citizenship in the United Kingdom

  • Years of residence before naturalisation: not stated
  • Years before permanent residence: not stated
  • Dual citizenship allowed: Not stated

Some citizenship facts still need field-level evidence.

What is the cheapest residence visa in the United Kingdom?

No residence route by investment with a stated minimum is on file for the United Kingdom. The routes on file are listed below.

How many years to citizenship in the United Kingdom?

The sources on file state no general number of years for naturalisation in the United Kingdom.

Does the United Kingdom allow dual citizenship?

The sources on file do not settle whether the United Kingdom allows dual citizenship.

Tax and residence days

A residence permit and tax residence are different tests. See the United Kingdom tax rates, count your days with the United Kingdom day test and see what changed in the data, day by day.

Sources

The United Kingdom profile cites 37 sources, 36 of them from a government or a statute. Data as of 2026-Q4.

Rules, fees and minimums change, and many routes have conditions not shown here. Did you find an error? Tell us, with the source.

Other countries in Western Europe: Guernsey, Gibraltar, Greece, Ireland, Isle of Man, Iceland. See every country.

This page is general information. It is not legal, immigration, tax or investment advice. Check the official source and ask a qualified immigration lawyer before you apply or invest.